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Infect Immun. 1971 April; 3(4): 574-579
Copyright © 1971 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Immunogenicity of Purified Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Inactivated by Ionizing Radiation

^a Medical Sciences Laboratory, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21701

ABSTRACT

Purified and concentrated Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus derived from tissue cultures, rendered noninfectious by ionizing radiation with retention of in vitro serological activity, also retained a high level of immunogenicity. In mice, fluid vaccines afforded excellent protection against lethal challenge with homologous Trinidad strain VEE virus. A direct relationship was observed between concentration of vaccine or number of injections and survival. One intraperitoneal inoculation of undiluted vaccine protected essentially all mice challenged 21 days later with 100,000 mouse intraperitoneal LD₅₀ of virus. Similarly, mice receiving three injections of vaccines diluted 1:100 were completely protected. Noninfectious VEE virus preparations combined with adjuvant 65, a nontoxic metabolizable vehicle, were likewise very effective in protecting mice immunized intraperitoneally or subcutaneously against lethal challenge. Guinea pigs immunized subcutaneously with adjuvant-combined vaccine survived lethal challenge of 1,000,000 guinea pig intraperitoneal LD₅₀.

¹ Present address: Viral Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20014.