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Infect. Immun., 03 1995, 1134-1137, Vol 63, No. 3
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology

Cholera toxin and Salmonella typhimurium induce different cytokine profiles in the gastrointestinal tract

GR Klimpel, M Asuncion, J Haithcoat and DW Niesel
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1019.

Salmonella infection of the gastrointestinal tract (GT) results in fluid secretion and inflammation. In contrast, cholera toxin (CT) induces fluid secretion but no inflammation. Using a murine ligated intestinal loop model, we investigated cytokine production (interleukin- 1 [IL-1], IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in the GT following exposure to these agents. Salmonella typhimurium induced a Th1-like cytokine profile in loops obtained from either nonimmune mice or Salmonella-immunized mice. CT induced only IL- 6 and IL-10 production in ligated loops from nonimmune mice but induced a Th2-like cytokine profile in ligated loops obtained from CT-immunized mice. These results show that CT and S. typhimurium induce very different cytokine profiles in the GT.

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