This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Prins, J. M. Articles by van Deventer, S. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Prins, J. M. Articles by van Deventer, S. J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infect. Immun., Jun 1995, 2236-2242, Vol 63, No. 6
Copyright © 1995, American Society for Microbiology

Release of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 during antibiotic killing of Escherichia coli in whole blood: influence of antibiotic class, antibiotic concentration, and presence of septic serum

JM Prins, EJ Kuijper, ML Mevissen, P Speelman and SJ van Deventer
Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

The concentration and accessibility of endotoxin can increase following antibiotic killing of gram-negative bacteria. There are indications that antibiotics may differ in this respect. We measured endotoxin levels in RPMI 1640 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 production in whole blood ex vivo after exposure of log- phase Escherichia coli to antibiotics belonging to different classes, in a final concentration of 0.5, 5, or 50 times the MIC. After 4 h of incubation at 50 times the MIC, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in levels of endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and interleukin-6 significantly higher than those of imipenem and gentamicin (P < 0.001). Similar differences in cytokine induction were measured after 8 h of incubation. At 0.5 times the MIC, the differences between the antibiotics in measured endotoxin and cytokine levels were small, with levels comparable to the levels in untreated cultures. Polymyxin B and, to a lesser degree, recombinant bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein 21 (rBPI-21) were found to be potent inhibitors of TNF-alpha release, supporting the concept that the differences between the antibiotics in cytokine production were indeed due to differences in amounts of biologically active endotoxin. The presence of serum from patients suffering from untreated sepsis decreased TNF-alpha production significantly, in a concentration-dependent manner.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Mangoni, M. L., Epand, R. F., Rosenfeld, Y., Peleg, A., Barra, D., Epand, R. M., Shai, Y. (2008). Lipopolysaccharide, a Key Molecule Involved in the Synergism between Temporins in Inhibiting Bacterial Growth and in Endotoxin Neutralization. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 22907-22917 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cirioni, O., Ghiselli, R., Silvestri, C., Kamysz, W., Orlando, F., Mocchegiani, F., Di Matteo, F., Riva, A., Lukasiak, J., Scalise, G., Saba, V., Giacometti, A. (2007). Efficacy of Tachyplesin III, Colistin, and Imipenem against a Multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 2005-2010 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Giacometti, A., Cirioni, O., Ghiselli, R., Mocchegiani, F., Orlando, F., Silvestri, C., Bozzi, A., Di Giulio, A., Luzi, C., Mangoni, M. L., Barra, D., Saba, V., Scalise, G., Rinaldi, A. C. (2006). Interaction of antimicrobial Peptide temporin L with lipopolysaccharide in vitro and in experimental rat models of septic shock caused by gram-negative bacteria.. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 2478-2486 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nooteboom, A., van der Linden, C. J., Hendriks, T. (2005). Whole blood-mediated endothelial permeability and adhesion molecule expression: a model study into the effects of bacteria and antibiotics. J Antimicrob Chemother 55: 150-156 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Giacometti, A., Ghiselli, R., Cirioni, O., Mocchegiani, F., D'Amato, G., Orlando, F., Sisti, V., Kamysz, W., Silvestri, C., Naldoski, P., Lukasiak, J., Saba, V., Scalise, G. (2004). Therapeutic efficacy of the magainin analogue MSI-78 in different intra-abdominal sepsis rat models. J Antimicrob Chemother 54: 654-660 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Giacometti, A., Cirioni, O., Ghiselli, R., Mocchegiani, F., D'Amato, G., Circo, R., Orlando, F., Skerlavaj, B., Silvestri, C., Saba, V., Zanetti, M., Scalise, G. (2004). Cathelicidin Peptide Sheep Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide-29 Prevents Endotoxin-induced Mortality in Rat Models of Septic Shock. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 169: 187-194 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cavaillon, J.-M. (2002). "Septic Plasma": An Immunosuppressive Milieu. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 166: 1417-1418 [Full Text]  
• Araujo, F. G., Slifer, T. L., Remington, J. S. (2002). Inhibition of Secretion of Interleukin-1{alpha} and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha by the Ketolide Antibiotic Telithromycin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 3327-3330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Giacometti, A., Cirioni, O., Ghiselli, R., Mocchegiani, F., Del Prete, M. S., Viticchi, C., Kamysz, W., Lempicka, E., Saba, V., Scalise, G. (2002). Potential Therapeutic Role of Cationic Peptides in Three Experimental Models of Septic Shock. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 2132-2136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Alkharfy, K. M., Kellum, J. A., Frye, R. F., Matzke, G. R. (2000). Effect of Ceftazidime on Systemic Cytokine Concentrations in Rats. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44: 3217-3219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lauw, F. N., ten Hove, T., Dekkers, P. E. P., de Jonge, E., van Deventer, S. J. H., van der Poll, T. (2000). Reduced Th1, but Not Th2, Cytokine Production by Lymphocytes after In Vivo Exposure of Healthy Subjects to Endotoxin. Infect. Immun. 68: 1014-1018 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Trostdorf, F., Reinert, R. R., Schmidt, H., Nichterlein, T., Stuertz, K., Schmitz-Salue, M., Sadowski, I., Bruck, W., Nau, R. (1999). Quinupristin/dalfopristin attenuates the inflammatory response and reduces the concentration of neuron-specific enolase in the cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis. J Antimicrob Chemother 43: 87-94 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schmidt, H., Dalhoff, A., Stuertz, K., Trostdorf, F., Chen, V., Schneider, O., Kohlsdorfer, C., Brück, W., Nau, R. (1998). Moxifloxacin in the Therapy of Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42: 1397-1401 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stuertz, K., Schmidt, H., Eiffert, H., Schwartz, P., Mäder, M., Nau, R. (1998). Differential Release of Lipoteichoic and Teichoic Acids from Streptococcus pneumoniae as a Result of Exposure to beta -Lactam Antibiotics, Rifamycins, Trovafloxacin, and Quinupristin-Dalfopristin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42: 277-281 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Morrison, D.C., Bucklin, S.E., Leeson, M.C., Norimatsu, M. (1996). Contribution of soluble endotoxin released from Gram-negative bacteria by antibiotics to the pathogenesis of experimental sepsis in mice. Innate Immunity 3: 237-243 [Abstract]  
• Holzheimer, R.G., Hirte, J.F., Reith, B., Engelhardt, W., Horak, K.H., Leppert, R., Aasen, A., Capel, P., Urbaschek, R., Karch, H., Thiede, A. (1996). Different endotoxin release and IL-6 plasma levels after antibiotic administration in surgical intensive care patients. Innate Immunity 3: 261-267 [Abstract]