Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 is the bacterium most commonly associated with bovine shipping fever. The presence of antibodies against P. haemolytica outer membrane proteins (OMPs) correlates statistically with resistance to experimental P. haemolytica challenge in cattle. Until now, specific P. haemolytica OMPs which elicit antibodies that function in host defense mechanisms have not been identified. In this study, we have cloned and sequenced the gene encoding one such protein, PlpE. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that PlpE is a lipoprotein and that it is similar to an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae lipoprotein, OmlA. Affinity-purified, anti-PlpE antibodies recognize a protein in all serotypes of P. haemolytica except serotype 11. We found that intact P. haemolytica and recombinant E. coli expressing PlpE are capable of absorbing anti-PlpE antibodies from bovine immune serum, indicating that PlpE is surface exposed in P. haemolytica and assumes a similar surface-exposed conformation in E. coli. In complement-mediated killing assays, we observed a significant reduction in killing of P. haemolytica when bovine immune serum that was depleted of anti-PlpE antibodies was used as the source of antibody. Our data suggest that PlpE is surface exposed and immunogenic in cattle and that antibodies against PlpE contribute to host defense against P. haemolytica.