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Infection and Immunity, December 1998, p. 5677-5683, Vol. 66, No. 12
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Interleukin-15 May Be Responsible for Early Activation of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes after Oral Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in Rats

Kenji Hirose, Hirohiko Suzuki, Hitoshi Nishimura, Akio Mitani, Junji Washizu, Tetsuya Matsuguchi, and Yasunobu Yoshikai*

Laboratory of Host Defense and Germfree Life, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Received 27 July 1998/Returned for modification 15 September 1998/Accepted 23 September 1998

Exogenous interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulates intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL) from mice to proliferate and produce gamma interferon (IFN-gamma ) in vitro. To determine whether endogenous IL-15 is involved in activation of i-IEL during intestinal infection, we examined IL-15 synthesis by intestinal epithelial cells (i-EC) after infection with Listeria monocytogenes in rats. In in vitro experiments, invasion of L. monocytogenes into IEC-6 cells, a rat small intestine epithelial cell line, evidently induced IL-15 mRNA expression coincident with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation, which is essential for IL-15 gene expression. IL-15 synthesis was detected in rat i-EC on day 1 after an oral inoculation of L. monocytogenes in vivo. The numbers of T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma delta + T cells, NKR.P1+ cells, and CD3+ CD8+ alpha alpha cells in i-IEL were significantly increased on day 1 after oral infection. The i-IEL from infected rats produced larger amounts of IFN-gamma upon stimulation with immobilized anti-TCR gamma delta or anti-NKR.P1 monoclonal antibodies. These results suggest that IL-15 produced by i-EC may stimulate significant fractions of i-IEL to produce IFN-gamma at an early phase of oral infection with L. monocytogenes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Host Defense and Germfree Life, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan. Phone: 81-52-744-2446. Fax: 81-52-744-2449. E-mail: yyoshika{at}tsuru.med.nagoya.u-ac.jp.

Infection and Immunity, December 1998, p. 5677-5683, Vol. 66, No. 12
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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