This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Okhuysen, P. C.
Right arrow Articles by DuPont, H. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Okhuysen, P. C.
Right arrow Articles by DuPont, H. L.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infect Immun, February 1998, p. 441-443, Vol. 66, No. 2
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Susceptibility and Serologic Response of Healthy Adults to Reinfection with Cryptosporidium parvum

Pablo C. Okhuysen,1,* Cynthia L. Chappell,1 Charles R. Sterling,2 Walter Jakubowski,3 and Herbert L. DuPont1

Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Medical School and Center for Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas1; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona2; and Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio3

Received 30 June 1997/Returned for modification 7 August 1997/Accepted 3 November 1997

Healthy adults are susceptible to infection with small numbers of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, resulting in self-limited infection. We investigated if infection of humans with C. parvum is protective 1 year after primary exposure. At 1 year after a primary challenge with 30 to 106 oocysts, 19 healthy immunocompetent adults were rechallenged with 500 oocysts and monitored for the development of infection and/or illness. Oocyst excretion was quantitated by direct immunofluorescence with a C. parvum-specific monoclonal antibody, and anti-C. parvum antibodies in serum were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fewer subjects shed oocysts after the second exposure (3 of 19; 16%) than after the first exposure (12 of 19; 63%) (P < 0.005). Although the rates of diarrhea were comparable after each of the two exposures, the clinical severity as determined by the mean number of unformed stools passed was lower after reexposure (11.25 versus 8.62; P < 0.05). The number of anti-Cryptosporidium immunoglobulin G and A seroconversions increased after secondary exposure. However, the C. parvum serum antibody response did not correlate with the presence or absence of infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical School and School of Public Health, 6431 Fannin, 1.728 JFB, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 500-6736. Fax: (713) 500-5495. E-mail: Okhuysen{at}heart.med.uth.tmc.edu.




This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Benitez, A. J., McNair, N., Mead, J. R. (2009). Oral Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Encoding Cryptosporidium parvum Cp23 and Cp40 Antigens Induces a Specific Immune Response in Mice. CVI 16: 1272-1278 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gait, R., Soutar, R. H., Hanson, M., Fraser, C., Chalmers, R. (2008). Outbreak of cryptosporidiosis among veterinary students. Vet Rec. 162: 843-845 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • CHAPPELL, C. L., OKHUYSEN, P. C., LANGER-CURRY, R., WIDMER, G., AKIYOSHI, D. E., TANRIVERDI, S., TZIPORI, S. (2006). CRYPTOSPORIDIUM HOMINIS: EXPERIMENTAL CHALLENGE OF HEALTHY ADULTS. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 851-857 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Priest, J. W., Bern, C., Xiao, L., Roberts, J. M., Kwon, J. P., Lescano, A. G., Checkley, W., Cabrera, L., Moss, D. M., Arrowood, M. J., Sterling, C. R., Gilman, R. H., Lammie, P. J. (2006). Longitudinal Analysis of Cryptosporidium Species-Specific Immunoglobulin G Antibody Responses in Peruvian Children. CVI 13: 123-131 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kjos, S. A., Jenkins, M., Okhuysen, P. C., Chappell, C. L. (2005). Evaluation of Recombinant Oocyst Protein CP41 for Detection of Cryptosporidium-Specific Antibodies. CVI 12: 268-272 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Eisenberg, J. N. S., Lei, X., Hubbard, A. H., Brookhart, M. A., Colford, J. M. Jr. (2005). The Role of Disease Transmission and Conferred Immunity in Outbreaks: Analysis of the 1993 Cryptosporidium Outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Am J Epidemiol 161: 62-72 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • KHAN, W. A., ROGERS, K. A., KARIM, M. M., AHMED, S., HIBBERD, P. L., CALDERWOOD, S. B., RYAN, E. T., WARD, H. D. (2004). CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS AMONG BANGLADESHI CHILDREN WITH DIARRHEA: A PROSPECTIVE, MATCHED, CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF CLINICAL FEATURES, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SYSTEMIC ANTIBODY RESPONSES. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 412-419 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Okhuysen, P. C., Rogers, G. A., Crisanti, A., Spano, F., Huang, D. B., Chappell, C. L., Tzipori, S. (2004). Antibody Response of Healthy Adults to Recombinant Thrombospondin-Related Adhesive Protein of Cryptosporidium 1 after Experimental Exposure to Cryptosporidium Oocysts. CVI 11: 235-238 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Morales, M. A. G., Mele, R., Ludovisi, A., Bruschi, F., Tosini, F., Pozio, E. (2004). Cryptosporidium parvum-Specific CD4 Th1 Cells from Sensitized Donors Responding to Both Fractionated and Recombinant Antigenic Proteins. Infect. Immun. 72: 1306-1310 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Xiao, L., Fayer, R., Ryan, U., Upton, S. J. (2004). Cryptosporidium Taxonomy: Recent Advances and Implications for Public Health. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17: 72-97 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Muller, T. B., Frost, F. J., Craun, G. F., Calderon, R. L., Chappell, C. L., Okhuysen, P. C., Dann, S. M. (2001). Serological Responses to Cryptosporidium Infection. Infect. Immun. 69: 1974-1975 [Full Text]  
  • Robin, G., Fraser, D., Orr, N., Sela, T., Slepon, R., Ambar, R., Dagan, R., Le Blancq, S., Deckelbaum, R. J., Cohen, D. (2001). Cryptosporidium Infection in Bedouin Infants Assessed by Prospective Evaluation of Anticryptosporidial Antibodies and Stool Examination. Am J Epidemiol 153: 194-201 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Dann, S. M., Okhuysen, P. C., Salameh, B. M., DuPont, H. L., Chappell, C. L. (2000). Fecal Antibodies to Cryptosporidium parvum in Healthy Volunteers. Infect. Immun. 68: 5068-5074 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Robinson, P., Okhuysen, P. C., Chappell, C. L., Lewis, D. E., Shahab, I., Lahoti, S., White, A. C. Jr. (2000). Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 Is Expressed in the Jejunum after Experimental Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in Humans. Infect. Immun. 68: 5405-5407 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Frost, F. J, Muller, T., Craun, G. F, Fraser, D., Thompson, D., Notenboom, R., Calderon, R. L (2000). Serological analysis of a cryptosporidiosis epidemic. Int J Epidemiol 29: 376-379 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Clark, D. P. (1999). New Insights into Human Cryptosporidiosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12: 554-563 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hunter, P. R, Wheeler, J. G, Rodrigues, L. C, Sethi, D., Tompkins, D. S, Hudson, M. J, Roderick, P. J, Cowden, J. M, Wall, P. G (1999). Community study of infectious intestinal disease in England. BMJ 319: 258a-258 [Full Text]  
  • Priest, J. W., Kwon, J. P., Moss, D. M., Roberts, J. M., Arrowood, M. J., Dworkin, M. S., Juranek, D. D., Lammie, P. J. (1999). Detection by Enzyme Immunoassay of Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibodies That Recognize Specific Cryptosporidium parvum Antigens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 1385-1392 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»