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Infect Immun, March 1998, p. 944-949, Vol. 66, No. 3
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Curli, Fibrous Surface Proteins of Escherichia coli, Interact with Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecules

Arne Olsén,1,* Mary Jo Wick,2 Matthias Mörgelin,3 and Lars Björck1

Sections for Molecular Pathogenesis,1 Immunology,2 and Connective Tissue Biology,3 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lund University, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden

Received 4 September 1997/Returned for modification 22 October 1997/Accepted 10 December 1997

Curli are thin, coiled fibers expressed on the surface of Escherichia coli that bind several matrix and plasma proteins such as fibronectin, laminin, plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator, and H-kininogen. In this work, we examined the interactions between curli-expressing E. coli and human major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and class II (MHC-II) molecules. Curliated E. coli was found to interact with an MHC-I-expressing lymphoma cell line as shown by scanning electron microscopy, whereas the binding to a mutant variant of this cell line expressing small amounts of MHC-I molecules was significantly lower. Moreover, curli-expressing E. coli bound purified radiolabeled MHC-I but not MHC-II molecules, whereas an isogenic curli-deficient mutant strain showed no affinity for either MHC-I or MHC-II. Purified insoluble curli could also bind 125I-labeled MHC-I molecules, and in Western blot experiments the 15-kDa curlin subunit protein bound intact MHC-I molecules as well as beta 2-microglobulin, the light chain of MHC-I molecules. A direct interaction between monomeric MHC-I molecules and a bacterial surface protein has previously not been reported. The binding of curli to MHC-I molecules, which are present on virtually all cells in higher vertebrates, will provide curliated E. coli with ample opportunities to interact with a great variety of hosts and host cells. This should facilitate the adaptation of E. coli to different ecological niches, and in human infections the interaction between curli and MHC-I molecules could contribute to adherence and colonization.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Section for Molecular Pathogenesis, Lund University, Box 94, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden. Phone: (0)46-222 85 92. Fax: (0)46 15 77 56. E-mail: arne.olsen{at}medkem.lu.se.




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