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Infect Immun, May 1998, p. 1822-1826, Vol. 66, No. 5
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

cagA-Positive Helicobacter pylori Populations in China and The Netherlands Are Distinct

Arie van der Ende,1,* Zhi-Jun Pan,1,2,dagger Aldert Bart,1 René W. M. van der Hulst,3 Monique Feller,1 Shu-Dong Xiao,2 Guido N. J. Tytgat,3 and Jacob Dankert1

Departments of Medical Microbiology1 and Gastroenterology,3 Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China2

Received 26 November 1997/Returned for modification 23 January 1998/Accepted 11 February 1998

The aim of this research was to study whether and to what extent Chinese cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori isolates differ from those in The Netherlands. Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR-assessed DNA fingerprints of chromosomal DNA of 24 cagA-positive H. pylori isolates from Dutch (n = 12) and Chinese (n = 10) patients yielded the absence of clustering. Based on comparison of the sequence of a 243-nucleotide part of cagA, the Dutch (group I) and Chinese (group II) H. pylori isolates formed two separate branches with high confidence limits in the phylogenetic tree. These two clusters were not observed when the sequence of a 240-bp part of glmM was used in the comparison. The number of nonsynonymous substitutions was much higher in cagA than in glmM, indicating positive selection. The average levels of divergence of cagA at the nucleotide and protein levels between group I and II isolates were found to be high, 13.3 and 17.9%, respectively. Possibly, the pathogenicity island (PAI) that has been integrated into the chromosome of the ancestor of H. pylori now circulating in China contained a different cagA than the PAI that has been integrated into the chromosome of the ancestor of H. pylori now circulating in The Netherlands. We conclude that in China and The Netherlands, two distinct cagA-positive H. pylori populations are circulating.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Academic Medical Center, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: 31-20-5664862. Fax: 31-20-6979271. E-mail: a.vanderende{at}amc.uva.nl.

dagger Present address: Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110.


Infect Immun, May 1998, p. 1822-1826, Vol. 66, No. 5
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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