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Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3155-3163, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Pet, an Autotransporter Enterotoxin from Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Carlos Eslava,1,* Fernando Navarro-García,1,2 John R. Czeczulin,2 Ian R. Henderson,2 Alejandro Cravioto,1 and James P. Nataro2

Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, 04510 Mexico DF, Mexico,1 and Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 212012

Received 9 February 1998/Returned for modification 25 March 1998/Accepted 20 April 1998

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of diarrheal illness. Clinical data suggest that diarrhea caused by EAEC is predominantly secretory in nature, but the responsible enterotoxin has not been described. Work from our laboratories has implicated a ca. 108-kDa protein as a heat-labile enterotoxin and cytotoxin, as evidenced by rises in short-circuit current and falls in tissue resistance in rat jejunal tissue mounted in an Ussing chamber. Here we report the genetic cloning, sequencing, and characterization of this high-molecular-weight heat-labile toxin. The toxin (designated the plasmid-encoded toxin [Pet]) is encoded on the 65-MDa adherence-related plasmid of EAEC strain 042. Nucleotide sequence analysis suggests that the toxin is a member of the autotransporter class of proteins, characterized by the presence of a conserved C-terminal domain which forms a beta -barrel pore in the bacterial outer membrane and through which the mature protein is transported. The Pet toxin is highly homologous to the EspP protease of enterohemorrhagic E. coli and to EspC of enteropathogenic E. coli, an as yet cryptic protein. In addition to its potential role in EAEC infection, Pet represents the first enterotoxin within the autotransporter class of secreted proteins. We hypothesize that other closely related members of this class may also produce enterotoxic effects.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Ap. Postal 70-443, 04510 Mexico DF, Mexico. Phone: (525) 616-1162. Fax: (525) 616-1616. E-mail: eslava{at}servidor.unam.mx.

Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3155-3163, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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