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Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3270-3278, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Protective Roles of 
T Cells and
Interleukin-15 in Escherichia coli Infection in
Mice
M.
Takano,1,2
H.
Nishimura,1
Y.
Kimura,1
Y.
Mokuno,1,2
J.
Washizu,1,2
S.
Itohara,3
Y.
Nimura,2 and
Y.
Yoshikai1,*
Laboratory of Host Defense and Germfree Life,
Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and
Control,1 and
First Department of
Surgery,2 Nagoya University School of
Medicine, Nagoya, and
Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto
University, Kyoto,3 Japan
Received 12 January 1998/Returned for modification 11 February
1998/Accepted 15 April 1998
The number of 
T cells in the peritoneal cavity was increased
after an intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection with Escherichia coli in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responsive C3H/HeN mice but not in LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice. The 
T cells preferentially expressed invariant V
6 and V
1 chains and proliferated to produce a large amount of gamma interferon in the presence of LPS. Mice depleted of 
T cells by T-cell receptor
gene mutation showed impaired resistance against E. coli as assessed by
bacterial growth. Macrophages from C3H/HeN mice infected with E. coli expressed higher levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) mRNA than
those from the infected C3H/HeJ mice. Administration of anti-IL-15
monoclonal antibody inhibited, albeit partially, the appearance of

T cells in C3H/HeN mice after E. coli infection and
diminished the host defense against the infection. These results
suggest that LPS-stimulated 
T cells play an important role in
the host defense against E. coli infection and that IL-15
may be partly involved in the protection via an increase in the 
T cells.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of
Host Defense and Germfree Life, Research Institute for Disease
Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, 65 Tsuramai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466, Japan. Phone: 81-52-744-2446. Fax:
81-52-744-2449. E-mail:
yyoshika{at}tsuru.med.nagoya.u-ac.jp.
Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3270-3278, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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