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Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3311-3316, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Intestinal Immune Responses to an Inactivated Oral Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Vaccine and Associated Immunoglobulin A Responses in Blood

Christina Åhrén,1,2,* Marianne Jertborn,1,2 and Ann-Mari Svennerholm1

Departments of Medical Microbiology and Immunology1 and Infectious Diseases,2 Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden

Received 17 December 1997/Returned for modification 6 February 1998/Accepted 28 April 1998

An inactivated oral enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine against ETEC diarrhea was given to 25 adult Swedish volunteers. The vaccine consisted of formalin-killed E. coli bacteria expressing the most common colonization factor antigens (CFAs), i.e., CFA/I, -II, and -IV, and recombinantly produced cholera B subunit (CTB). Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody responses in intestinal lavage fluid to CTB and CFAs were determined and compared with corresponding responses in stool extracts and serum as well as with IgA antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses in peripheral blood. Two doses of vaccine induced significant IgA responses to the different CFAs in lavage fluid in 61 to 87% of the vaccinees and in stool in 38 to 81% of them. The most frequent responses were seen against CFA/I. The magnitudes of the antibody responses against CTB and CFA/I in stool correlated significantly (CTB, P < 0.01; CFA/I, P < 0.05) with those in intestinal lavage. Intestinal lavage responses against CFAs were best reflected by the ASC responses, with the sensitivity of the ASC assay being 80 to 85%, followed by stool (sensitivity of 50 to 88%) and serum antibody (sensitivity of 7 to 65%) analyses. CTB-specific immune responses were seen in >90% of the vaccinees in all assays.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Göteborg University, Guldhedsgatan 10, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden. Phone: 46-31-60 46 81. Fax: 46-31-82 69 76.

Infect Immun, July 1998, p. 3311-3316, Vol. 66, No. 7
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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