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Infection and Immunity, September 1998, p. 4237-4243, Vol. 66, No. 9
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Requirement of the Shigella flexneri Virulence Plasmid in the Ability To Induce Trafficking of Neutrophils across Polarized Monolayers of the Intestinal Epithelium

Beth A. McCormick,1,2,* Andrew M. Siber,1 and Anthony T. Maurelli3

Combined Program in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital,1 and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School,2 Boston, Massachusetts 02129, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-47993

Received 27 February 1998/Returned for modification 24 April 1998/Accepted 1 June 1998

Attachment of an array of enteric pathogens to epithelial surfaces is accompanied by recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) across the intestinal epithelium. In this report, we examine how Shigella-intestinal epithelium interactions evoke the mucosal inflammatory response. We modeled these interactions in vitro by using polarized monolayers of the human intestinal epithelial cell line, T84, isolated human PMNs, and Shigella flexneri. We show that Shigella attachment to T84-cell basolateral membranes was a necessary component in the signaling cascade for induction of basolateral-to-apical directed transepithelial PMN migration, the direction of PMN transepithelial migration in vivo. In contrast, attachment of Shigella to the T84-cell apical membrane failed to stimulate a directed PMN transepithelial migration response. Importantly, the ability of Shigella to induce PMN migration across epithelial monolayers was dependent on the presence of the 220-kb virulence plasmid. Moreover, examination of Shigella genes necessary to signal subepithelial neutrophils established the requirement of a functional type III secretion system. Our results indicate that the ability of Shigella to elicit transepithelial signaling to neutrophils from the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells represents a mechanism involved in Shigella-elicited enteritis in humans.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital---East, Charlestown Navy Yard Bldg. 149 (1493404), Charlestown, MA 02129. Phone: (617) 726-4180. Fax: (617) 726-4172. E-mail: mccormic{at}helix.mgh.harvard.edu.

Infection and Immunity, September 1998, p. 4237-4243, Vol. 66, No. 9
0019-9567/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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