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Infection and Immunity, October 1999, p. 5275-5281, Vol. 67, No. 10
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Differential Regulation of Macrophage Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-12, and CD80-CD86 by Two Bacterial Toxins

Dennis L. Foss,* Michael J. Zilliox, and Michael P. Murtaugh

Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

Received 29 April 1999/Returned for modification 9 June 1999/Accepted 27 July 1999

The ability of innate immune cells to differentially respond to various bacterial components provides a mechanism by which the acquired immune response may be tailored to specific pathogens. The response of innate immune cells to bacterial components provides regulatory signals to cognate immune cells. These signals include secreted cytokines and costimulatory molecules, and to a large extent they determine the quantitative and qualitative nature of the immune response. In order to determine if innate immune cells can differentially respond to bacterial components, we compared the responses of macrophages to two bacterially derived molecules, cholera toxin (CT) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that CT and LPS differentially regulated the expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and CD80-CD86 but not that of IL-1beta . LPS and CT each induced IL-1beta expression in macrophages, while only LPS induced IL-12 and only CT induced CD80-CD86. These differences were markedly potentiated in gamma interferon (IFN-gamma )-treated macrophages, in which LPS potently induced IL-12 and CD80-CD86 expression. In contrast, IFN-gamma treatment had no effect on the expression of IL-1beta . These results define a molecular basis for the differential pathogenicities of bacterial toxins and are relevant to the design of vaccine adjuvants able to selectively induce desired types of immunity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, University of Minnesota, 205 VSB, 1971 Commonwealth Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108. Phone: (612) 624-4926. Fax: (612) 625-5203. E-mail: fossx005{at}tc.umn.edu.

Infection and Immunity, October 1999, p. 5275-5281, Vol. 67, No. 10
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.