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Infection and Immunity, November 1999, p. 6090-6097, Vol. 67, No. 11
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
CD4 T Cells and Major Histocompatibility Complex
Class II Expression Influence Worm Expulsion and Increased Intestinal
Muscle Contraction during Trichinella spiralis
Infection
Bruce A.
Vallance,1
Francesca
Galeazzi,1
Stephen M.
Collins,1,2,* and
Denis P.
Snider1,3,4
Intestinal Diseases Research
Programme,1 the Vaccine Development
Group,3 and Departments of
Medicine2 and
Pathology,4 McMaster University,
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Received 22 April 1999/Returned for modification 1 June
1999/Accepted 12 August 1999
Expulsion of intestinal nematode parasites and the associated
increased contraction by intestinal muscle are T cell dependent, since
both are attenuated in athymic rodents. The CD4 T-cell subset has been
strongly associated with worm expulsion; however, the relationship
between these cells, antigen presentation, and worm expulsion is not
definitive and the role of these factors in intestinal muscle
hypercontractility has not been defined. We infected C57BL/6, athymic,
CD4-deficient, CD8
-deficient, and major histocompatibility complex
class II (MHC II)-deficient (C2d) mice with Trichinella spiralis larvae. We examined intestinal worm numbers,
longitudinal muscle contraction, and MHC II expression. Numerous MHC
II-positive cells were identified within the muscularis externa of
infected but not uninfected C57BL/6 mice. C57BL/6 and CD8
-deficient
mice developed large increases in muscle contraction, expelling the parasite by day 21. Athymic and C2d mice exhibited much smaller increases in muscle contraction and delayed parasite expulsion. CD4-deficient mice exhibited intermediate levels of muscle contraction and delayed parasite expulsion. To further examine the role of MHC II
and CD4 T cells, we irradiated C2d mice and reconstituted them with
C57BL/6 bone marrow alone or with C57BL/6 CD4 T cells. C57BL/6 bone
marrow alone did not affect muscle function or worm expulsion in
recipient C2d mice. Partial CD4 T-cell reconstitution was sufficient to
restore increased muscle contraction but not worm expulsion. Thus,
hematopoietic MHC II expression alone is insufficient for the
development of muscle hypercontractility and worm expulsion, but the
addition of even small numbers of CD4 T cells was sufficient to induce
intestinal muscle pathophysiology.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Room HSC 4W8,
McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5. Phone: (905) 521-2100, ext. 75255. Fax: (905) 521-4958. E-mail: scollins{at}fhs.csu.mcmaster.ca.
Infection and Immunity, November 1999, p. 6090-6097, Vol. 67, No. 11
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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