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Infection and Immunity, December 1999, p. 6321-6328, Vol. 67, No. 12
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Immunoglobulin Concentrations and Antigen-Specific
Antibody Levels in Cervicovaginal Lavages of Rhesus Macaques Are
Influenced by the Stage of the Menstrual Cycle
F. Xusheng
Lü,1,2
Zhongmin
Ma,1
Tracy
Rourke,1
Seema
Srinivasan,1
Michael
McChesney,1 and
Christopher J.
Miller1,2,3,*
California Regional Primate Research
Center,1 Center for Comparative
Medicine,2 and Department of Pathology,
Microbiology and Immunology,3 School of
Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis,
California 95616
Received 14 June 1999/Returned for modification 27 August
1999/Accepted 1 September 1999
The levels of antigen-specific antibodies (Abs) and immunoglobulins
in the cervical mucus of women vary with the menstrual cycle; the
highest levels occur during menses, and the lowest occur during the
periovulatory period. The rhesus macaque is a widely used animal model
of female genital tract immunity. We sought to determine whether rhesus
macaques have a cyclical pattern of changing cervicovaginal Ab and
immunoglobulin levels that is similar to that of the human female. This
study examined the relationship of the stages of the menstrual cycle to
genital mucosal and systemic immunoglobulin concentrations and Ab
levels in rhesus macaques. In all seven rhesus macaques studied, the
immunoglobulins G and A and some antibodies in cervicovaginal lavages
varied with the stages of the menstrual cycle, and in many cases this
variation reached the level of statistical significance. In a pattern
similar to that of women, the highest levels of Abs and immunoglobulins occurred during menses, and the lowest levels occurred around the time
of ovulation. However, the Ab and immunoglobulin levels in serum and
rectal lavages did not change with the menstrual cycle stage. The
results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the
ovarian hormones that drive the menstrual cycle influence genital tract
immunity in female primates.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: California
Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis,
Davis, CA 95616. Phone: (530) 752-0447. Fax: (530) 752-2880. E-mail: cjmiller{at}ucdavis.edu.
Infection and Immunity, December 1999, p. 6321-6328, Vol. 67, No. 12
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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