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Infection and Immunity, May 1999, p. 2561-2566, Vol. 67, No. 5
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (hCAP18), a Peptide Antibiotic, Is Widely Expressed in Human Squamous Epithelia and Colocalizes with Interleukin-6

Margareta Frohm Nilsson,1 Bengt Sandstedt,2 Ole Sørensen,3 Günther Weber,4 Niels Borregaard,3 and Mona Ståhle-Bäckdahl1,*

Departments of Dermatology,1 Pathology,2 and Clinical Genetics,4 Karolinska Hospital, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden, and Granulocyte Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark3

Received 15 October 1998/Returned for modification 25 November 1998/Accepted 6 January 1999

Peptide antibiotics are widespread in nature and, by providing a rapid first line of defense, may be key players in the innate immune system. Although epithelia are the main barriers shielding the internal environment from microorganisms, the role for peptide antibiotics in epithelial protection is unclear. We recently reported that the human cationic antimicrobial protein hCAP18, the precursor of the antimicrobial peptide called LL-37, is not expressed by normal human keratinocytes but is induced in various inflammatory skin disorders. In the present study we demonstrate that hCAP18 is consistently expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in squamous epithelia of the mouth, tongue, esophagus, cervix, and vagina in humans. The gene for hCAP18 contains promoter elements that are potentially regulated by interleukin-6, and our data further show a colocalization between interleukin-6 and hCAP18 expression in these tissues. Our finding that hCAP18 is widely produced in squamous epithelia suggests a role for this peptide in epithelial antimicrobial defense. Furthermore, colocalization with interleukin-6 indicates a potential local mechanism for the upregulation of hCAP18 at the epithelial surfaces.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Dermatology, Karolinska Hospital, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Phone: 46-8-5177-3348. Fax: 46-8-5177-7851. E-mail: mba{at}hud.ks.se.

Infection and Immunity, May 1999, p. 2561-2566, Vol. 67, No. 5
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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