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Infection and Immunity, June 1999, p. 2804-2809, Vol. 67, No. 6
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

CD4+ T Cells and the Proinflammatory Cytokines Gamma Interferon and Interleukin-6 Contribute to Alveolar Bone Loss in Mice

Pamela J. Baker,1,* Mark Dixon,1 R. Todd Evans,2 Lisa Dufour,3 Ellis Johnson,1,4 and Derry C. Roopenian4

Biology Department, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 042401; Department of Oral Biology, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 142142; School of Dental Hygiene, University of New England, Portland, Maine 040923; and The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 046094

Received 11 January 1999/Accepted 9 March 1999

In this study, we used a mouse model to examine the role of the adaptive immune response in alveolar bone loss induced by oral infection with the human gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. Severe combined immunodeficient mice, which lack B and T lymphocytes, exhibited considerably less bone loss than did immunocompetent mice after oral infection, suggesting that lymphocytes contribute to this process. Bone loss after oral infection was decreased in mice deficient in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-responsive CD4+ T cells, but no change in bone loss was observed in mice deficient in MHC class I-responsive CD8+ T cells or NK1+ T cells. Mice lacking the cytokine gamma interferon or interleukin-6 also demonstrated decreased bone loss. These results suggest that the adaptive immune response, and in particular CD4+ T cells and the proinflammatory cytokines that they secrete, are important effectors of bone loss consequent to P. gingivalis oral infection. The studies also reinforce the utility of the mouse oral infection model in dissecting the pathobiology of periodontal disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Biology Department, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240. Phone: (207) 786 6108. Fax: (207) 786 8334. E-mail: pbaker{at}abacus.bates.edu.

Infection and Immunity, June 1999, p. 2804-2809, Vol. 67, No. 6
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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