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Infection and Immunity, June 1999, p. 3175-3179, Vol. 67, No. 6
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Lymphotoxin Inhibits Chlamydia pneumoniae Growth in HEp-2 Cells

Hiroshi Matsushima,1,2 Mutsunori Shirai,1 Kazunobu Ouchi,3 Kenji Yamashita,4 Tetsu Kakutani,4 Susumu Furukawa,2 and Teruko Nakazawa1,*

Department of Microbiology1 and Department of Pediatrics,2 Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Shimonoseki 751-0823,3 and Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Takasago, Hyogo 676-8688,4 Japan

Received 3 November 1998/Returned for modification 13 January 1999/Accepted 12 March 1999

Cytokines such as gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ) inhibit the intracellular replication of Chlamydia pneumoniae or Chlamydia trachomatis. In this study, we found that another cytokine, lymphotoxin (TNF-beta ), restricts the growth of C. pneumoniae in HEp-2 cells. When lymphotoxin (10 U/ml) was added during incubation from 8 to 16 h postinoculation, inclusion body formation was severely reduced. In addition, we observed activation of nitric oxide production and the nuclear transition of NF-kappa B in HEp-2 cells in response to lymphotoxin. These results suggest that inhibition of chlamydial growth by lymphotoxin is mediated, at least in part, by nuclear transition of NF-kappa B, resulting in induction of nitric oxide synthase to produce nitric oxide, a potent bacteristatic agent. This is the first report on antichlamydial activity of lymphotoxin through induction of nitric oxide.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan. Phone: 81-836-22-2226. Fax: 81-836-22-2415. E-mail: nakazawa{at}po.cc.yamaguchi-u.ac.jp.

Infection and Immunity, June 1999, p. 3175-3179, Vol. 67, No. 6
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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