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Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3444-3451, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Development of Antibody Isotype Responses to Schistosoma mansoni in an Immunologically Naive Immigrant Population: Influence of Infection Duration, Infection Intensity, and Host Age

Cynthia W. A. Naus,1 Gachuhi Kimani,2 John H. Ouma,3 Anthony J. C. Fulford,1 Michelle Webster,1 Govert J. van Dam,4 André M. Deelder,4 Anthony E. Butterworth,5 and David W. Dunne1,*

Division of Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge,1 and Coton,5 Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Vector Borne Diseases3 and Kenya Medical Research Institute,2 Nairobi, Kenya; and Department of Parasitology, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands4

Received 9 December 1998/Returned for modification 21 January 1999/Accepted 23 April 1999

We have identified the influence of host and parasite factors that give rise to characteristic antibody isotype profiles with age seen in human populations living in different areas of schistosomiasis endemicity. This is important in the immunobiology of this disease. It is also of interest in the context of human responses to chronic antigen stimulation, vaccines, allergens, and other pathogens. In populations exposed to endemic schistosomiasis, factors such as intensity and duration of infection are age dependent. They therefore confound the influence of host age on antiparasite responses. Here, we resolved these confounding factors by comparing the developing antibody responses of an immunologically naive immigrant population as they acquired the infection for the first time with those of chronically infected resident inhabitants of the same region of Schistosoma mansoni endemicity in Kenya. Recent arrival in the area strongly favored immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) responses against the parasite. The antibody isotype responses associated with human susceptibility to reinfection after chemotherapy were elevated in those suffering high intensities of infection (IgG4 responses against worm and egg antigens) or were characteristic responses of young children irrespective of the intensity or duration of infection (IgG2 responses against egg antigen). IgE responses against the adult worm, a response associated with resistance to reinfection after chemotherapy, increased with the ages of infected individuals and were also favored in those currently suffering higher intensities of infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom. Phone: (01223) 333326. Fax: (01223) 333741. E-mail: dd{at}mole.bio.cam.ac.uk.

Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3444-3451, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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