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Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3558-3565, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Role of CD40 Ligand in Mycobacterium
avium Infection
Tomoko
Hayashi,
Savita P.
Rao,
Pascal R.
Meylan,
Richard S.
Kornbluth, and
Antonino
Catanzaro*
Department of Medicine, University of
California San Diego, San Diego, California
Received 29 January 1999/Returned for modification 2 March
1999/Accepted 14 April 1999
Mycobacterium avium is a common opportunistic pathogen
in immunocompromised patients such as those infected with human
immunodeficiency virus. Although M. avium is an
intracellular organism replicating predominantly in macrophages,
disseminated M. avium infection is seen in AIDS patients
with CD4+ cell counts of <50 cells/µl, suggesting a
possible involvement of a T cell-macrophage interaction for the
elimination of M. avium. To determine whether CD40-CD40
ligand (CD40L) interactions play a role in M. avium
infection, we studied the ability of CD40L to restrict M. avium replication in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) in
vitro. MDM were infected with M. avium and cocultured with
CD40L-transfected 293 cells for 7 days. Intracellular growth of
M. avium in these MDM was assessed by colony counting.
CD40L-expressing cells inhibited growth of M. avium in MDM
by 86.5% ± 4.2% compared to MDM cultured with control cells. These
findings were verified by assays using purified, soluble recombinant
human CD40L (CD40LT). CD40LT (5 µg/ml) inhibited intracellular growth
of M. avium by 76.9% ± 18.0% compared to cells treated
with medium alone. Inhibition by CD40LT was reduced by monoclonal
antibodies (MAbs) against CD40 and CD40L. The inhibitory effect of
CD40LT was not accompanied by enhancement of interleukin-12 (IL-12)
production by M. avium-infected MDM, while CD40L-expressing
cells stimulated IL-12 production by these cells. Treatment of M. avium-infected mice with MAb against murine CD40L resulted in
recovery of larger numbers of organisms (0.8 to 1.0 log) from the
spleens, livers, and lungs of these animals compared to infected mice
which received normal immunoglobulin G. These results indicate that
CD40-CD40L signaling may be an important step in host immune response
against M. avium infection.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of
California San Diego Medical Center, 200 W. Arbor Dr., San Diego, CA 92103-8374. Phone (619) 543-5550. Fax: (619) 543-3276. E-mail: acatanzaro{at}ucsd.edu.
Infection and Immunity, July 1999, p. 3558-3565, Vol. 67, No. 7
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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