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Infection and Immunity, August 1999, p. 4276-4279, Vol. 67, No. 8
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Intranasal Immunization of Mice with Influenza Vaccine in Combination with the Adjuvant LT-R72 Induces Potent Mucosal and Serum Immunity Which Is Stronger than That with Traditional Intramuscular Immunization

J. D. Barackman,* G. Ott, and D. T. O'Hagan

Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California

Received 28 December 1998/Returned for modification 9 March 1999/Accepted 4 May 1999

Immunization of mice by the intranasal route with influenza virus hemagglutinin in combination with the mutant Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin R72 (LT-R72) induced significantly enhanced serum and mucosal antibodies, surpassing, in most cases, responses achieved by traditional intramuscular immunization using inactivated split influenza vaccine. Furthermore, intranasal immunization with LT-R72 induced a potent serum immunoglobulin G2a response, indicating that this adjuvant has Th1 character.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Chiron Corporation, 4560 Horton St., Emeryville, CA 94608. Phone: (510) 923-8194. Fax: (510) 923-2586. E-mail: john.barackman{at}cc.chiron.com.

Infection and Immunity, August 1999, p. 4276-4279, Vol. 67, No. 8
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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