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Infection and Immunity, September 1999, p. 4787-4793, Vol. 67, No. 9
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Induction of a Rat Enteric Defensin Gene by Hemorrhagic Shock

Michael R. Condon,1,2,* Alejandro Viera,3,4 Michael D'Alessio,3,4 and Gill Diamond3

Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, East Orange,1 and Departments of Surgery2 and Anatomy, Cell Biology and Injury Sciences,3 University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,4 Newark, New Jersey

Received 19 January 1999/Returned for modification 4 March 1999/Accepted 27 May 1999

Multicellular organisms utilize a battery of extracellular and cellular mechanisms to defend against microbial infiltration. Among the armamentarium used by the small intestine to defend against microbial invasion are antimicrobial peptides called defensins. We previously have shown that gut barrier function is impaired following hemorrhagic shock, resulting in translocation of bacteria or endotoxin. Using a rat model, we examined the effect of hemorrhagic shock on alpha -defensin expression. We utilized the anchored reverse transcriptase PCR strategy to isolate a rat enteric defensin cDNA. The cDNA is 406 bases in length and encodes a putative prepro-enteric defensin that we have named rat defensin 5 (RD-5). RD-5 expression is restricted to the small intestine and is specifically localized by in situ hybridization to the Paneth cells. A 10-fold increase in its steady state levels was observed in the distal intestine immediately after the termination of shock. This is the first study to show that enteric defensins are inducible following injury. We suggest that enteric defensins may contribute to the complex and integrated barrier function of the intestinal mucosal surface.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, MSB-G516 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07103. Phone: (973) 972-1258. Fax: (973) 972-6803. E-mail: condonmr{at}umdnj.edu.

Infection and Immunity, September 1999, p. 4787-4793, Vol. 67, No. 9
0019-9567/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.