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Infection and Immunity, December 2000, p. 7126-7131, Vol. 68, No. 12
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

mig-14 Is a Horizontally Acquired, Host-Induced Gene Required for Salmonella enterica Lethal Infection in the Murine Model of Typhoid Fever

Raphael H. Valdivia,1,* Daniela M. Cirillo,1,* Anthea K. Lee,1 Donna M. Bouley,2 and Stanley Falkow1

Department of Microbiology and Immunology1 and Department of Comparative Medicine,2 Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

Received 19 April 2000/Returned for modification 14 June 2000/Accepted 21 August 2000

We have characterized a host-induced virulence gene, mig-14, that is required for fatal infection in the mouse model of enteric fever. mig-14 is present in all Salmonella enterica subspecies I serovars and maps to a region of the chromosome that appears to have been acquired by horizontal transmission. A mig-14 mutant replicated in host tissues early after infection but was later cleared from the spleens and livers of infected animals. Bacterial clearance by the host occurred concomitantly with an increase in gamma interferon levels and recruitment of macrophages, but few neutrophils, to the infection foci. We hypothesize that the mig-14 gene product may repress immune system functions by interfering with normal cytokine expression in response to bacterial infections.

* Corresponding authors. Present address for Raphael H. Valdivia: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California-Berkeley, 401 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720. Phone: (510) 642-5756. Fax: (510) 642-7846. E-mail: valdivia{at}uclink4.berkeley.edu. Present address for Daniela M. Cirillo: Lab. Microbiologia Clinica, Ospedale Molinette, Cso Bramante 88, 10126 Torino, Italy. Phone: 39-011-6335247. Fax: 39-011-6335194. E-mail: danielamc{at}mclink.it.

Infection and Immunity, December 2000, p. 7126-7131, Vol. 68, No. 12
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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