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Infection and Immunity, March 2000, p. 1116-1124, Vol. 68, No. 3
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Distribution of Core Oligosaccharide Types in Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli

Karen Amor,1 David E. Heinrichs,1,dagger Emilisa Frirdich,1 Kim Ziebell,2 Roger P. Johnson,2 and Chris Whitfield1,*

Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1,1 and Guelph Laboratory, Health Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 3W4,2 Canada

Received 29 July 1999/Returned for modification 21 September 1999/Accepted 29 November 1999

In the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli there are five distinct core oligosaccharide (core OS) structures, designated K-12 and R1 to R4. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalences of these core OS types within the species. Unique sequences in the waa (core OS biosynthesis) gene operon were used to develop a PCR-based system that facilitated unequivocal determination of the core OS types in isolates of E. coli. This system was applied to the 72 isolates in the E. coli ECOR collection, a compilation of isolates that is considered to be broadly representative of the genetic diversity of the species. Fifty (69.4%) of the ECOR isolates contained the R1 core OS, 8 (11.1%) were representatives of R2, 8 (11.1%) were R3, 2 (2.8%) were R4, and only 4 (5.6%) were K-12. R1 is the only core OS type found in all four major phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2, and D) in the ECOR collection. Virulent extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli isolates tend to be closely related to group B2 and, to a lesser extent, group D isolates. All of the ECOR representatives from the B2 and D groups had the R1 core OS. In contrast, commensal E. coli isolates are more closely related to group A, which contains isolates representing each of the five core OS structures. R3 was the only core OS type found in 38 verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) isolates from humans and cattle belonging to the common enterohemorrhagic E. coli serogroups O157, O111, and O26. Although isolates from other VTEC serogroups showed more core OS diversity, the R3 type (83.1% of all VTEC isolates) was still predominant. When non-VTEC commensal isolates from cattle were analyzed, it was found that most possessed the R1 core OS type.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada. Phone: (519) 824-4120, ext. 3478. Fax: (519) 837-1802. E-mail: cwhitfie{at}uoguelph.ca.

dagger Present address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.

Infection and Immunity, March 2000, p. 1116-1124, Vol. 68, No. 3
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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