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Infection and Immunity, April 2000, p. 2077-2081, Vol. 68, No. 4
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Dual Role for Transforming Growth Factor
-Dependent Signaling in Trypanosoma cruzi Infection of
Mammalian Cells
Belinda S.
Hall and
Miercio A.
Pereira*
Parasitology Research Center, Department of
Pathology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Received 29 October 1999/Returned for modification 13 December
1999/Accepted 30 December 1999
Expression of functional transforming growth factor
(TGF-
)
receptors (T
R) is required for the invasion of mammalian cells by
the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. However, the
precise role of this host cell signaling complex in T. cruzi infection is unknown. To investigate the role of the
TGF-
signaling pathway, infection levels were studied in the mink
lung epithelial cell lines JD1, JM2, and JM3. These cells express
inducible mutant T
R1 proteins that cannot induce growth arrest in
response to TGF-
but still transmit the signal for TGF-
-dependent
gene expression. In the absence of mutant receptor expression,
trypomastigotes invaded the cells at a low level. Induction of the
mutant receptors caused an increase in infection in all three cell
lines, showing that the requirement for TGF-
signaling at invasion
can be divorced from TGF-
-induced growth arrest. TGF-
pretreatment of mink lung cells expressing wild-type T
R1 caused a
marked enhancement of infection, but no enhancement was seen in JD1,
JM2, and JM3 cells, showing that the ability of TGF-
to stimulate
infection is associated with growth arrest. Likewise, expression of
SMAD7 or SMAD2SA, inhibitors of TGF-
signaling, did not block
infection by T. cruzi but did block the enhancement of
infection by TGF-
. Taken together, these results show that there is
a dual role for TGF-
signaling in T. cruzi infection.
The initial invasion of the host cell is independent of both
TGF-
-dependent gene expression and growth arrest, but TGF-
stimulation of infection requires a fully functional TGF-
signaling pathway.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dept. of
Pathology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave.,
Boston, MA 02111. Phone: (617) 636-2933. Fax: (617) 636-6849. E-mail: Mpereira{at}infonet.tufts.edu.
Infection and Immunity, April 2000, p. 2077-2081, Vol. 68, No. 4
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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