Infection and Immunity, May 2000, p. 2393-2401, Vol. 68, No. 5
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
Received 25 August 1999/Returned for modification 9 November 1999/Accepted 26 January 2000
Immune destruction of larval Taenia crassiceps was
examined by first injecting BALB/cJ mice subcutaneously with larval
buds and 30 to 60 days later challenging the mice with larvae injected into the peritoneal cavity. The larvae injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) secondarily are killed by host cells that completely encase the
larvae in a thick sheath. The peritoneal exudate cells and the
cytokines they produced were characterized by flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). No changes in percentage of CD4+ T cells,
CD8+ T cells, B1 cells, or macrophages were detected in the
peritoneal cavities of mice that were killing larvae compared to mice
with a primary 7-day infection i.p. Both RT-PCR and ELISA demonstrated a decrease in cytokines including gamma interferon (IFN-
),
interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-10 in mice that were killing the larvae
compared to control mice infected for 30 to 60 days i.p. alone,
although there was little difference compared to mice infected for 7 days i.p. alone. Serum cytokine levels in mice that were killing the larvae showed a decrease in IFN-
and IL-4, an increase in IL-10 when
compared to mice infected for 30 to 60 days i.p. alone, and increases
in all cytokines compared to mice infected for 7 days i.p. alone.
Inhibition of nitric oxide production did not significantly affect the
number or the viability of larvae in the peritoneal cavity of mice that
were killing larvae during secondary infection.
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