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Infection and Immunity, June 2000, p. 3758-3762, Vol. 68, No. 6
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Constitutive Mutations of the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Transcriptional Virulence Regulator phoP

John S. Gunn,1,* Robert K. Ernst,2 Andrea J. McCoy,1 and Samuel I. Miller2

Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900,1 and Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 981952

Received 13 December 1999/Returned for modification 17 February 2000/Accepted 22 March 2000

The PhoP-PhoQ two-component system is necessary for the virulence of Salmonella spp. and is responsible for regulating several modifications of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mutagenesis of the transcriptional regulator phoP resulted in the identification of a mutant able to activate transcription of regulated genes ~100-fold in the absence of PhoQ. Sequence analysis showed two single-base alterations resulting in amino acid changes at positions 93 (S93N) and 203 (Q203R). These mutations were individually created, and although each resulted in a constitutive phenotype, the double mutant displayed a synergistic effect both in the induction of PhoP-activated gene expression and in resistance to antimicrobial peptides. The constitutive phoP gene was placed under the control of an arabinose-inducible promoter to examine the kinetics of PhoP-activated gene induction and the resultant modifications of LPS. Gene induction and 2-hydroxymyristate modification of the lipid A were shown to occur within minutes of the addition of arabinose and to peak at 4 h. As the first constitutive mutant of phoP identified, this allele will be invaluable to future genetic and biochemical studies of this and likely other regulatory systems.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Mail code 7758, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229-3900. Phone: (210) 567-3973. Fax: (210) 567-3795. E-mail: gunnj{at}uthscsa.edu.

Infection and Immunity, June 2000, p. 3758-3762, Vol. 68, No. 6
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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