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Infection and Immunity, July 2000, p. 4289-4296, Vol. 68, No. 7
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
CXC Chemokine Receptor CXCR2 Is Essential for Protective Innate
Host Response in Murine Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pneumonia
Wan C.
Tsai,1,*
Robert M.
Strieter,2
Borna
Mehrad,2
Michael W.
Newstead,2
Xianying
Zeng,2 and
Theodore J.
Standiford2
Departments of
Pediatrics1 and Internal
Medicine,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48109-0360
Received 20 December 1999/Returned for modification 15 February
2000/Accepted 24 March 2000
Pulmonary infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa has
emerged as a leading cause of mortality. A vigorous host response is required to effectively clear the organisms from the lungs. This host
defense is dependent on the recruitment and activation of neutrophils
and macrophages. A family of chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) has
been shown to participate in this protective response. In this study,
we assessed the role of the ELR+ (glutamic
acid-leucine-arginine motif positive) CXC chemokines and their CXC
chemokine receptor (CXCR2) in lung antibacterial host defense. The
intratracheal administration of Pseudomonas to mice
resulted in the time-dependent influx of neutrophils to the lung,
peaking at 12 to 24 h after inoculation. The influx of
neutrophils was associated with a similar time-dependent expression of
the ELR+ CXC chemokines, KC, macrophage inflammatory
protein 2 (MIP-2), and lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX).
Selective neutralization of MIP-2 or KC resulted in modest changes in
neutrophil influx but no change in bacterial clearance or survival.
However, neutralization of CXCR2 resulted in a striking increase in
mortality, which was associated with a marked decrease in neutrophil
recruitment and bacterial clearance. Conversely, the site-specific
transgenic expression of KC resulted in enhanced clearance of bacteria
after Pseudomonas challenge. This study indicates that
ELR+ CXC chemokines are critical mediators of
neutrophil-mediated host defense in Pseudomonas pneumonia.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: The University
of Michigan Medical Center, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal
Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 6301 MSRBIII, Box 0642, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642. Phone: (734) 764-4554. Fax: (734) 764-4556. E-mail: wctsai{at}umich.edu.
Infection and Immunity, July 2000, p. 4289-4296, Vol. 68, No. 7
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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