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Infection and Immunity, July 2000, p. 4289-4296, Vol. 68, No. 7
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

CXC Chemokine Receptor CXCR2 Is Essential for Protective Innate Host Response in Murine Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia

Wan C. Tsai,1,* Robert M. Strieter,2 Borna Mehrad,2 Michael W. Newstead,2 Xianying Zeng,2 and Theodore J. Standiford2

Departments of Pediatrics1 and Internal Medicine,2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0360

Received 20 December 1999/Returned for modification 15 February 2000/Accepted 24 March 2000

Pulmonary infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as a leading cause of mortality. A vigorous host response is required to effectively clear the organisms from the lungs. This host defense is dependent on the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and macrophages. A family of chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) has been shown to participate in this protective response. In this study, we assessed the role of the ELR+ (glutamic acid-leucine-arginine motif positive) CXC chemokines and their CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR2) in lung antibacterial host defense. The intratracheal administration of Pseudomonas to mice resulted in the time-dependent influx of neutrophils to the lung, peaking at 12 to 24 h after inoculation. The influx of neutrophils was associated with a similar time-dependent expression of the ELR+ CXC chemokines, KC, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), and lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX). Selective neutralization of MIP-2 or KC resulted in modest changes in neutrophil influx but no change in bacterial clearance or survival. However, neutralization of CXCR2 resulted in a striking increase in mortality, which was associated with a marked decrease in neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance. Conversely, the site-specific transgenic expression of KC resulted in enhanced clearance of bacteria after Pseudomonas challenge. This study indicates that ELR+ CXC chemokines are critical mediators of neutrophil-mediated host defense in Pseudomonas pneumonia.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: The University of Michigan Medical Center, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 6301 MSRBIII, Box 0642, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642. Phone: (734) 764-4554. Fax: (734) 764-4556. E-mail: wctsai{at}umich.edu.

Infection and Immunity, July 2000, p. 4289-4296, Vol. 68, No. 7
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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