This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hou, L.
Right arrow Articles by Stashenko, P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hou, L.
Right arrow Articles by Stashenko, P.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, August 2000, p. 4681-4687, Vol. 68, No. 8
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Toll-Like Receptor 4-Deficient Mice Have Reduced Bone Destruction following Mixed Anaerobic Infection

Linda Hou, Hajime Sasaki, and Philip Stashenko*

Department of Cytokine Biology, Forsyth Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

Received 28 January 2000/Returned for modification 3 March 2000/Accepted 15 May 2000

C3H/HeJ mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The effect of TLR4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. In the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ and wild-type control C3H/HeOuJ mice. The mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infection with a mixture of four anaerobic pathogens, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus intermedius, and Peptostreptococcus micros. At sacrifice on day 21, TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ mice had significantly reduced periapical bone destruction compared to wild-type C3H/HeOuJ mice (P < 0.001). The decreased bone destruction in C3H/HeJ correlated with reduced expression of the bone resorptive cytokines interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha ) (P < 0.01) and IL-1beta (P < 0.05) as well as the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12 (P < 0.05). No significant differences were seen in the levels of gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), or IL-10 between the two strains. The expression of IL-1alpha , IL-1beta , TNF-alpha , IL-10, and IL-12 were all significantly reduced in vitro in macrophages from both TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScNCr strains, compared to wild-type controls. Notably, the responses of TLR4-deficient macrophages to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were similarly reduced. Neither C3H/HeJ nor C3H/HeOuJ mice exhibited orofacial abscess development or infection dissemination as determined by splenomegaly or cachexia. We conclude that intact TLR function mediates increased proinflammatory responses and bone destruction in response to mixed anaerobic infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cytokine Biology, Forsyth Institute, 140 The Fenway, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 262-5200. Fax: (617) 262-4021. E-mail: pstashenko{at}forsyth.org.

Infection and Immunity, August 2000, p. 4681-4687, Vol. 68, No. 8
0019-9567/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Rowlett, R. M., Chrestensen, C. A., Nyce, M., Harp, M. G., Pelo, J. W., Cominelli, F., Ernst, P. B., Pizarro, T. T., Sturgill, T. W., Worthington, M. T. (2008). MNK kinases regulate multiple TLR pathways and innate proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 294: G452-G459 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Burns, E., Bachrach, G., Shapira, L., Nussbaum, G. (2006). Cutting Edge: TLR2 Is Required for the Innate Response to Porphyromonas gingivalis: Activation Leads to Bacterial Persistence and TLR2 Deficiency Attenuates Induced Alveolar Bone Resorption. J. Immunol. 177: 8296-8300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Teng, Y.-T.A. (2006). Protective and Destructive Immunity in the Periodontium: Part 1--Innate and Humoral Immunity and the Periodontium. JDR 85: 198-208 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wadachi, R., Hargreaves, K.M. (2006). Trigeminal Nociceptors Express TLR-4 and CD14: a Mechanism for Pain due to Infection. JDR 85: 49-53 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • McCartney-Francis, N., Jin, W., Wahl, S. M. (2004). Aberrant Toll Receptor Expression and Endotoxin Hypersensitivity in Mice Lacking a Functional TGF-{beta}1 Signaling Pathway. J. Immunol. 172: 3814-3821 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sasaki, H., Balto, K., Kawashima, N., Eastcott, J., Hoshino, K., Akira, S., Stashenko, P. (2004). Gamma Interferon (IFN-{gamma}) and IFN-{gamma}-Inducing Cytokines Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 Do Not Augment Infection-Stimulated Bone Resorption In Vivo. CVI 11: 106-110 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Abel, B., Thieblemont, N., Quesniaux, V. J. F., Brown, N., Mpagi, J., Miyake, K., Bihl, F., Ryffel, B. (2002). Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression Is Required to Control Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice. J. Immunol. 169: 3155-3162 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Applequist, S. E., Wallin, R. P. A., Ljunggren, H.-G. (2002). Variable expression of Toll-like receptor in murine innate and adaptive immune cell lines. Int Immunol 14: 1065-1074 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jiang, Y., Mehta, C. K., Hsu, T.-Y., Alsulaimani, F. F. H. (2002). Bacteria Induce Osteoclastogenesis via an Osteoblast-Independent Pathway. Infect. Immun. 70: 3143-3148 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»