Surfactant Protein D Enhances Phagocytosis and Killing of Unencapsulated Phase Variants of Klebsiella pneumoniae

doi:10.1128/IAI.69.1.24-33.2001

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Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 24-33, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.24-33.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Surfactant Protein D Enhances Phagocytosis and Killing of Unencapsulated Phase Variants of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Itzhak Ofek,¹ Adi Mesika,¹ Moshe Kalina,¹ Yona Keisari,¹ Ranier Podschun,² Hany Sahly,² Donald Chang,³ David McGregor,³ and Erika Crouch³^,^*

Department of Human Microbiology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel¹; Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University of Kiel, Kiel Germany²; and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri³

Received 25 May 2000/Returned for modification 14 August 2000/Accepted 4 October 2000

Pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a collagenous C-type lectin (collectin) that is secreted into the alveoli and distalairways of the lung. We have studied the interactions of SP-Dand alveolar macrophages with Klebsiella pneumoniae, a commoncause of nosocomial pneumonia. SP-D does not agglutinate encapsulatedK. pneumoniae but selectively agglutinates spontaneous, unencapsulatedphase variants, such as Klebsiella strain K50-3OF, through interactionswith their lipopolysaccharides (LPS). These effects are calciumdependent and inhibited with maltose but not lactose, consistentwith involvement of the SP-D carbohydrate recognition domain.Precoating of K50-3OF with SP-D enhances the phagocytosis andkilling of these organisms by rat alveolar macrophages in cellculture and stimulates the production of nitric oxide by the NR-8383rat alveolar macrophage cell line. SP-D similarly enhances theNO response to K50-3OF LPS adsorbed to Latex beads under conditionswhere soluble LPS or SP-D, or soluble complexes of SP-D and LPS,do not stimulate NO production. Our studies demonstrate that interactionsof SP-D with exposed arrays of Klebsiella LPS on a particulatesurface can enhance the host defense activities of alveolar macrophagesand suggest that activation of macrophages by SP-D requires bindingto microorganisms or other particulate ligands. Because unencapsulatedphase variants are likely to be responsible for the initial stagesof tissue invasion and infection, we speculate that SP-D-mediatedagglutination and/or opsonization of K. pneumoniae is an importantdefense mechanism for this respiratory pathogen in otherwise healthyindividuals.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Barnes-Jewish Hospital, North Campus, 216 S. Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone:(314) 454-8462. Fax: (314) 454-5505. E-mail: crouch{at}path.wustl.edu.

Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 24-33, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.24-33.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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