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Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 315-324, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.315-324.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
espC Pathogenicity Island of
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Encodes an
Enterotoxin
Jay L.
Mellies,1
Fernando
Navarro-Garcia,2
Iruka
Okeke,3,4
Julie
Frederickson,1
James P.
Nataro,3,5 and
James B.
Kaper3,4,*
Biology Department, Reed College, Portland,
Oregon 972021; Center for Vaccine
Development,3 Department of Microbiology
& Immunology,4 and Departments of
Medicine and Pediatrics,5 University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201; and
Department of Public Health, Department of Cell Biology,
CINVESTAV-IPN, 07000 Mexico DF, Mexico2
Received 13 September 2000/Accepted 28 September 2000
At least five proteins are secreted extracellularly by
enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), a leading cause
of infant diarrhea in developing countries. However only one, EspC, is
known to be secreted independently of the type III secretion apparatus encoded by genes located within the 35.6-kb locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island. EspC is a member of the
autotransporter family of proteins, and the secreted portion of the
molecule is 110 kDa. Here we determine that the espC gene
is located within a second EPEC pathogenicity island at 60 min on the
chromosome of E. coli. We also show that EspC is an
enterotoxin, indicated by rises in short-circuit current and potential
difference in rat jejunal tissue mounted in Ussing chambers. In
addition, preincubation with antiserum against the homologous Pet
enterotoxin of enteroaggregative E. coli eliminated EspC
enterotoxin activity. Like the EAF plasmid, the espC
pathogenicity island was found only in a subset of EPEC, suggesting
that EspC may play a role as an accessory virulence factor in some but
not all EPEC strains.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for
Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201. Phone: (410) 706-3004. Fax: (410)
706-0182. Email: jkaper{at}umaryland.edu.
Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 315-324, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.315-324.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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