In Vitro Responsiveness of {gamma}{delta} T Cells from Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle to Mycobacterial Antigens: Predominant Involvement of WC1+ Cells

doi:10.1128/IAI.69.1.89-96.2001

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Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 89-96, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.89-96.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

In Vitro Responsiveness of $gamma$ $delta$ T Cells from Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle to Mycobacterial Antigens: Predominant Involvement of WC1⁺ Cells

Allister J. Smyth,¹ Michael D. Welsh,²^,^* R. Martyn Girvin,² and John M. Pollock²

Department of Veterinary Science, The Queen's University of Belfast,¹ and Veterinary Sciences Division, The Department of Agriculture and Rural Development,² Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, United Kingdom

Received 20 March 2000/Returned for modification 15 May 2000/Accepted 27 September 2000

It is generally accepted that protective immunity against tuberculosis is generated through the cell-mediated immune (CMI)system, and a greater understanding of such responses is requiredif better vaccines and diagnostic tests are to be developed. $gamma$ $delta$ T cells form a major proportion of the peripheral blood mononuclearcells (PBMC) in the ruminant system and, considering data fromother species, may have a significant role in CMI responses inbovine tuberculosis. This study compared the in vitro responsesof $alpha$ $beta$ and $gamma$ $delta$ T cells from Mycobacterium bovis-infected and uninfectedcattle. The results showed that, following 24 h of culture ofPBMC with M. bovis-derived antigens, the majority of $gamma$ $delta$ T cellsfrom infected animals became highly activated (upregulation ofinterleukin-2R), while a lower proportion of the $alpha$ $beta$ T-cell populationshowed activation. Similar responses were evident to a lesserdegree in uninfected animals. Study of the kinetics of this responseshowed that $gamma$ $delta$ T cells remained significantly activated for atleast 7 days in culture, while activation of $alpha$ $beta$ T cells declinedduring that period. Subsequent analysis revealed that the majorityof activated $gamma$ $delta$ T cells expressed WC1, a 215-kDa surface moleculewhich is not expressed on human or murine $gamma$ $delta$ T cells. Furthermore,in comparison with what was found for CD4⁺ T cells, M. bovis antigen was found to induce strong cellularproliferation but relatively little gamma interferon release bypurified WC1⁺ $gamma$ $delta$ T cells. Overall, while the role of these cells in protectiveimmunity remains unclear, their highly activated status in responseto M. bovis suggests an important role in antimycobacterial immunity,and the ability of $gamma$ $delta$ T cells to influence other immune cell functionsremains to be elucidated, particularly in relation to CMI-baseddiagnostictests.

^* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Bacteriology, Veterinary Sciences Division, The Department of Agricultureand Rural Development, Stoney Road, Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD,United Kingdom. Phone: 028 90 525642. Fax: 028 90 525745. E-mail:michael.welsh{at}dardni.gov.uk.

Infection and Immunity, January 2001, p. 89-96, Vol. 69, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.1.89-96.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

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In Vitro Responsiveness of T Cells from Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle to Mycobacterial Antigens: Predominant Involvement of WC1+ Cells

In Vitro Responsiveness of $gamma$ $delta$ T Cells from Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle to Mycobacterial Antigens: Predominant Involvement of WC1⁺ Cells