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Infection and Immunity, October 2001, p. 6064-6073, Vol. 69, No. 10
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6064-6073.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Interdependency of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-12 in Regulation of T-Cell Differentiation and Effector Function of Monocytes in Response to Stimulation with Cryptococcus neoformans

Cinzia Retini,1 Thomas R. Kozel,2 Donatella Pietrella,1 Claudia Monari,1 Francesco Bistoni,1 and Anna Vecchiarelli1,*

Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy,1 and Department of Microbiology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557-004622

Received 27 December 2000/Returned for modification 2 March 2001/Accepted 25 June 2001

We previously demonstrated that the principal component of capsular material of Cryptococcus neoformans, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), induces interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion from human monocytes. Here we report that encapsulation of the yeast with GXM is able to down-regulate interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by monocytes that would normally occur in the absence of encapsulation. This phenomenon appeared to be the result of inhibition of the phagocytic process by encapsulation with GXM as well as of negative signals such as IL-10 secretion produced by interaction of GXM with leukocytes. Decreased secretion of IL-12 correlated with decreased release of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma ) from T cells, suggesting a role for encapsulation with GXM in hindering a T helper type 1 (Th1) response. This is supported by the ability of encapsulation with GXM to limit increased expression of B7-1 costimulatory molecules that otherwise might limit IL-10 secretion. Endogenous IL-10 played a critical role in modulatory activity associated with encapsulation with GXM. Blocking IL-10 with monoclonal antibody to IL-10 resulted in increased (i) IL-12 secretion, (ii) IFN-gamma release from T cells, and (iii) killing of C. neoformans by monocytes. These results suggest that encapsulation with GXM limits development of a protective Th1-type response, an inhibitory process in which IL-10 plays a critical role. Scavengers of GXM and/or IL-10 could be useful in a protective Th1-type response in patients with cryptococcosis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy. Phone: 39-075-585-7407. Fax: 39-075-585-7403. E-mail: vecchiar{at}unipg.it.

Infection and Immunity, October 2001, p. 6064-6073, Vol. 69, No. 10
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6064-6073.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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