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Infection and Immunity, October 2001, p. 6310-6317, Vol. 69, No. 10
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6310-6317.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Vibrio cholerae-Induced Cellular Responses of Polarized T84 Intestinal Epithelial Cells Are Dependent on Production of Cholera Toxin and the RTX Toxin

Karla Jean Fullner,1,* Wayne I. Lencer,2,3 and John J. Mekalanos1,2

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics1 and the Harvard Digestive Diseases Center,2 Harvard Medical School, and Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital,3 Boston, Massachusetts

Received 20 April 2001/Returned for modification 12 June 2001/Accepted 12 July 2001

To study the utility of in vitro-polarized intestinal cell monolayers for modeling Vibrio cholerae-host cell interactions, we added live V. cholerae bacteria to the apical surfaces of polarized T84 cell monolayers and monitored changes in electrical properties. We found that both classical and El Tor strains produce cholera toxin after addition to the monolayer, but induction is most likely due to medium components rather than bacterium-cell interactions. We also found that the RTX toxin is produced by El Tor strains. This toxin caused a loss of the barrier function of the paracellular tight junction that was measured as a decrease in transepithelial resistance. This decrease occurred when bacteria were added to either the apical or basolateral surfaces, indicating that the RTX toxin receptor is expressed on both surfaces. These results are discussed with regard to the applicability of the polarized T84 cell monolayers as an in vitro model of host-pathogen interactions.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Microbiology-Immunology, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Morton 6-626, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611. Phone: (312) 503-2162. Fax: (312) 503-1339. E-mail: k-fullner{at}northwestern.edu.

Infection and Immunity, October 2001, p. 6310-6317, Vol. 69, No. 10
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.10.6310-6317.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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