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Infection and Immunity, December 2001, p. 7760-7771, Vol. 69, No. 12
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7760-7771.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Complete Nucleotide Sequence of a Staphylococcus aureus Exfoliative Toxin B Plasmid and Identification of a Novel ADP-Ribosyltransferase, EDIN-C

Takayuki Yamaguchi,1 Tetsuya Hayashi,2 Hideto Takami,3 Makoto Ohnishi,2 Takahiro Murata,4 Keisuke Nakayama,2 Kayo Asakawa,1 Masaru Ohara,1 Hitoshi Komatsuzawa,1 and Motoyuki Sugai1,*

Department of Microbiology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553,1 Department of Microbiology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake 5200, Miyazaki 899-1692,2 Deep-Sea Microbial Genome Research Group, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Natsushima 2-15, Yokosuka, 237-0061,3 and Department of Bacteriology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto 390-8621,4 Japan

Received 25 May 2001/Returned for modification 16 August 2001/Accepted 10 September 2001

The complete nucleotide sequence of pETB, a 38.2-kb Staphylococcus aureus plasmid encoding the exfoliative toxin B (ETB), was determined. A total of 50 open reading frames were identified on the plasmid genome and, among these, 32 showed sequence similarity to known proteins. pETB contains three copies of IS257, which divide the pETB genome into three regions: (i) a cadmium resistance operon-containing region, (ii) a lantibiotic production gene-containing region, and (iii) the remaining part where genes for plasmid replication and/or maintenance are dispersed. In the third region, genes of various kinds of functions are present among the replication- and maintenance-related genes. They include two virulence-related genes, the etb gene and a gene encoding a novel ADP-ribosyltransferase closely related to EDIN, which belongs to the C3 family of ADP-ribosyltransferases modifying Rho GTPases. They also include genes for a cell wall-anchoring surface protein and a phage resistance protein. Based on the determined sequence of pETB, the genome structures of etb-bearing plasmids (ETB plasmids) from various clinical isolates were analyzed by the PCR scanning method. The data indicate that, although the ETB plasmids are highly heterogeneous in genome size, the fundamental genome organization is well conserved. The size variation of the plasmid is mainly attributed to defined regions which may be hot spots for gene shuffling.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Phone: (81) 82-257-5635. Fax: (81) 82-257-5639. E-mail: sugai{at}hiroshima-u.ac.jp.

Infection and Immunity, December 2001, p. 7760-7771, Vol. 69, No. 12
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7760-7771.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.