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Infection and Immunity, December 2001, p. 7783-7792, Vol. 69, No. 12
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7783-7792.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Plasmodium falciparum Genotypes, Low Complexity of Infection, and Resistance to Subsequent Malaria in Participants in the Asembo Bay Cohort Project†

Oralee H. Branch,1,2 Shannon Takala,1 Simon Kariuki,3 Bernard L. Nahlen,1 Margaret Kolczak,1 William Hawley,1 and Altaf A. Lal1,*

Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,1 and Emory University,2 Atlanta, Georgia, and Vector Biology and Control Research Center, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya3

Received 1 June 2001/Returned for modification 6 August 2001/Accepted 25 August 2001

To assess the relationship between the within-host diversity of malaria infections and the susceptibility of the host to subsequent infection, we genotyped 60 children's successive infections from birth through 3 years of life. MSP-1 Block2 genotypes were used to estimate the complexity of infection (COI). Malaria transmission and age were positively associated with the number of K1 and Mad20 alleles detected (COIKM) (P < 0.003). Controlling for previous parasitemia, transmission, drug treatment, parasite density, sickle cell, and age, COIKM was negatively correlated with resistance to parasitemia of >500/µl (P < 0.0001). Parasitemias with the RO-genotype were more resistant than those without this genotype (P < 0.0000). The resistance in low COIKM infections was not genotype specific. We discuss the impact of genotype-transcending immunity to conserved antigenic determinants. We also propose a diversity-driven immunomodulation hypothesis that may explain the delayed development of natural immunity in the first few years of life and suggest that interventions that decrease the COIKM could facilitate the development of protective immunity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Mail Stop F-12, 4770 Buford Hwy., Chamblee, GA 30341. Phone: (770) 488-4047. Fax: (770) 488-4454. E-mail: ALal{at}CDC.GOV.

dagger Study VIII of the Asembo Bay Cohort Project.

Infection and Immunity, December 2001, p. 7783-7792, Vol. 69, No. 12
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.12.7783-7792.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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