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Infection and Immunity, February 2001, p. 1101-1108, Vol. 69, No. 2
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.2.1101-1108.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Protective Effect of Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits

Michinaga Ogawa,1,2 Kensuke Shimizu,1,2 Koji Nomoto,1,2,* Masatoshi Takahashi,1 Masaaki Watanuki,1 Ryuichiro Tanaka,1 Tetsuya Tanaka,2 Takashi Hamabata,2 Shinji Yamasaki,2,3 and Yoshifumi Takeda2,4

Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, 1796 Yaho, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-86501 Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655,2 School of Medicine, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba 305-8575,3 and National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640,4 Japan

Received 24 July 2000/Returned for modification 8 September 2000/Accepted 17 November 2000

We examined colonization patterns of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), concentrations of Shiga toxins (Stxs) and specific immunoglobulin A (lgA) against Stxs and STEC bacterial cell surface antigen in various portions of the gastrointestinal tract in an infant rabbit infection model. After inoculation of 3-day-old infant rabbits with STEC strain 89020087 at low doses (~103 CFU/body), numbers of colonizing STEC bacteria and concentrations of Stxs in the intestine increased dramatically and the animals developed diarrhea within a couple of days after infection. Daily administration of Lactobacillus casei from the day of birth dramatically decreased the severity of diarrhea and lowered STEC colonization levels in the gastrointestinal tract 100-fold day 7 after infection. Both Stx1 and Stx2 concentrations in the intestines and histological damage to the intestinal mucus induced by STEC infection were decreased by the administration of L. casei. Examination of the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and pH of the intestinal contents revealed that the protective effect of L. casei administration against STEC infection was not due to fermented products such as lactic acid in the gastrointestinal tract. Administration of L. casei increased levels of lgAs against Stx1, Stx2, and formalin-killed STEC cells in the colon approximately two-, four-, and threefold, respectively, compared with those of the untreated controls by day 7 after infection. These results suggest that administration of L. casei strain Shirota enhances the local immune responses to STEC cells and Stxs and leads to elimination of STEC and thus decreases Stx concentrations in the intestines.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, 1796 Yaho, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan. Phone: 81 (42) 577 8962. Fax: 81 (42) 577 3020. E-mail: koji-nomoto{at}yakult.co.jp.

Infection and Immunity, February 2001, p. 1101-1108, Vol. 69, No. 2
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.2.1101-1108.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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