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Infection and Immunity, February 2001, p. 968-976, Vol. 69, No. 2
Division of Genomic Medicine, The Medical
School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10
2RX,1 University Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield, S3
7RE,2 and Molecular Cell Biology
Research Laboratories, School of Biosciences, University of
Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT,3
United Kingdom
Received 30 June 2000/Returned for modification 31 August
2000/Accepted 13 November 2000
The ability of heparan sulfate, heparin, and other
glycosaminoglycans to inhibit the infectivity of Chlamydia
trachomatis serovars E and LGV was examined using a simple
competitive inhibition assay with three cell types from the human
female reproductive tract, including primary human endosalpingeal
cells. With the majority of the glycosaminoglycans tested, LGV was more
significantly inhibited than serovar E. We have compared chlamydial
infectivity between a wild-type Chinese hamster ovary cell line and two
glycosaminoglycan-deficient cell lines. LGV was shown to be unable to
infect heparan sulfate-deficient and GAG-deficient Chinese hamster
ovary cell lines, whereas the E serovar infected these cells as
efficiently as the control (nondeficient) cells. These two sets of
experiments confirmed that serovar LGV is more dependent on a heparan
sulfate-related mechanism of infectivity than is serovar E. This is
further supported by the fact that attempts to purify a heparan
sulfate-like molecule from either serovar cultured in
glycosaminoglycan-deficient cell lines were nonproductive. Previous
reports have suggested that chlamydia are able to produce a heparan
sulfate-like molecule that is important for attachment and infectivity.
We have attempted to detect possible binding of a specific heparan
sulfate antibody to C. trachomatis by flow cytometry.
Results showed no binding of the heparan sulfate antibody to C. trachomatis serovar LGV or E. Our results strongly indicate that
chlamydiae do not produce a heparan sulfate-like molecule but rather
use host cell heparan sulfate in order to infect cells.
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.2.968-976.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis
Serovar LGV but Not E Is Dependent on Host Cell Heparan
Sulfate
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of
Genomic Medicine, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield,
Beech Hill Rd., Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 (0) 114 272 4072. Fax: 44 (0) 114 273 9926. E-mail:
a.r.eley{at}sheffield.ac.uk.
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