This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Borrow, R.
Right arrow Articles by Miller, E.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Borrow, R.
Right arrow Articles by Miller, E.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1568-1573, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1568-1573.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Serological Basis for Use of Meningococcal Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccines in the United Kingdom: Reevaluation of Correlates of Protection

Ray Borrow,1,* Nick Andrews,2 David Goldblatt,3 and Elizabeth Miller4

PHLS Meningococcal Reference Unit, Withington Hospital, Manchester M20 2LR,1 PHLS Statistics Unit,2 and Immunization Division, PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre,4 London NW9 5EQ, and Immunobiology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EII,3 United Kingdom

Received 10 October 2000/Returned for modification 1 November 2000/Accepted 7 December 2000

The antibody data supporting the use of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate (MCC) vaccines in the United Kingdom were generated by serum bactericidal assay (SBA) using rabbit complement (rSBA). This may give higher titers than those obtained with human complement (hSBA), for which the "gold standard" correlate of protection for meningococcal C disease is a titer of >= 4. Comparison of rSBA and hSBA titers in sera from unvaccinated adults with an rSBA titer of >= 8 showed that for 93% (27 of 29) the titer was >= 4 by hSBA, confirming natural protection. Furthermore, sera from MCC vaccinees showed that an rSBA titer of <8 or >= 128 discriminated susceptibility and protection well (85% with rSBA titers of <8 had hSBA titers of <4, and 99% with rSBA titers of >= 128 had hSBA titers of >= 4). However, discrimination was poor in the rSBA titer range 8 to 64, with only 60% having hSBA titers of >= 4. In such cases we propose that protection can be assumed if there is a fourfold rise in titer between pre- and postvaccination sera or if there is a characteristic booster response to a polysaccharide challenge dose with, if available, evidence of antibody avidity maturation or an hSBA titer of result >= 4. Applying these criteria to toddlers, 10 to 40% of whom had titers in the range 8 to 64 after a single dose of MCC vaccine, showed that 94% had a fourfold rise in titer, including 98% of those in the titer range 8 to 64. In addition, of those with titers of <128 post-MCC vaccination, 90% had titers of >= 128 after a 10-µg polysaccharide booster dose, compared with only 7% of unprimed age-matched toddlers given a full 50-µg dose. Furthermore, the increase in geometric mean avidity index pre- and postbooster was independent of post-primary MCC titer. These results indicated that the majority of toddlers with an rSBA titer between 8 and 64, and some of those with an hSBA result of <4, have mounted a protective immune response with the induction of immunological memory.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Meningococcal Reference Unit, Manchester Public Health Laboratory, Withington Hospital, Manchester M20 2LR, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 161 291 4633. Fax: 44 161 446 2180. E-mail: rborrow{at}nw.phls.nhs.uk.

Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1568-1573, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1568-1573.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Findlow, H., Plikaytis, B. D., Aase, A., Bash, M. C., Chadha, H., Elie, C., Laher, G., Martinez, J., Herstad, T., Newton, E., Viviani, S., Papaspyridis, C., Kulkarni, P., Wilding, M., Preziosi, M. P., Marchetti, E., Hassan-King, M., La Force, F. M., Carlone, G., Borrow, R. (2009). Investigation of Different Group A Immunoassays following One Dose of Meningococcal Group A Conjugate Vaccine or A/C Polysaccharide Vaccine in Adults. CVI 16: 969-977 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cantini, F., Veggi, D., Dragonetti, S., Savino, S., Scarselli, M., Romagnoli, G., Pizza, M., Banci, L., Rappuoli, R. (2009). Solution Structure of the Factor H-binding Protein, a Survival Factor and Protective Antigen of Neisseria meningitidis. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 9022-9026 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Granoff, D. M., Welsch, J. A., Ram, S. (2009). Binding of Complement Factor H (fH) to Neisseria meningitidis Is Specific for Human fH and Inhibits Complement Activation by Rat and Rabbit Sera. Infect. Immun. 77: 764-769 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Trotter, C. L., Borrow, R., Findlow, J., Holland, A., Frankland, S., Andrews, N. J., Miller, E. (2008). Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Serogroup C Meningococci in England in the Postvaccination Era. CVI 15: 1694-1698 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Conterno, L. O, Heath, P. T (2008). Seroprotection against serogroup C meningococcal disease. BMJ 336: 1447-1448 [Full Text]  
  • Rohner, G. B., Snape, M. D., Kelly, D. F., John, T., Morant, A., Yu, L.-M., Borkowski, A., Ceddia, F., Borrow, R., Siegrist, C.-A., Pollard, A. J. (2008). The Magnitude of the Antibody and Memory B Cell Responses during Priming with a Protein-Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccine in Human Infants Is Associated with the Persistence of Antibody and the Intensity of Booster Response. J. Immunol. 180: 2165-2173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pace, D., Pollard, A. J (2007). Meningococcal A, C, Y and W-135 polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines. Arch. Dis. Child. 92: 909-915 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fusco, P. C., Farley, E. K., Huang, C.-H., Moore, S., Michon, F. (2007). Protective Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Epitopes and the Role of O Acetylation. CVI 14: 577-584 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Harris, S. L., Tsao, H., Ashton, L., Goldblatt, D., Fernsten, P. (2007). Avidity of the Immunoglobulin G Response to a Neisseria meningitidis Group C Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccine as Measured by Inhibition and Chaotropic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays. CVI 14: 397-403 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kitchin, N R E, Southern, J, Morris, R, Hemme, F, Thomas, S, Watson, M W, Cartwright, K, Miller, E (2007). Evaluation of a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus-Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine given concurrently with meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine at 2, 3 and 4 months of age. Arch. Dis. Child. 92: 11-16 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • (2006). Inadvertent Misadministration of Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine--United States, June-August 2005. JAMA 296: 2082-2083 [Full Text]  
  • Hofman, T, Cranswick, N, Kuna, P, Boznanski, A, Latos, T, Gold, M, Murrell, D F, Gebauer, K, Behre, U, Machura, E, Olafsson, J, Szalai, Z, on behalf of the International Tacrolimus Ointment, (2006). Tacrolimus ointment does not affect the immediate response to vaccination, the generation of immune memory, or humoral and cell-mediated immunity in children. Arch. Dis. Child. 91: 905-910 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tsai, T. F., Borrow, R., Gnehm, H. E., Vaudaux, B., Heininger, U., Desgrandchamps, D., Aebi, C., Balmer, P., Pedersen, R. D., Fritzell, B., Siegrist, C.-A. (2006). Early appearance of bactericidal antibodies after polysaccharide challenge of toddlers primed with a group C meningococcal conjugate vaccine: what is its role in the maintenance of protection?. CVI 13: 854-861 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Turner, D. P. J., Marietou, A. G., Johnston, L., Ho, K. K. L., Rogers, A. J., Wooldridge, K. G., Ala'Aldeen, D. A. A. (2006). Characterization of MspA, an Immunogenic Autotransporter Protein That Mediates Adhesion to Epithelial and Endothelial Cells in Neisseria meningitidis.. Infect. Immun. 74: 2957-2964 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Findlow, H., Southern, J., Mabey, L., Balmer, P., Heyderman, R. S., Auckland, C., Morris, R., Miller, E., Borrow, R. (2006). Immunoglobulin G Subclass Response to a Meningococcal Quadrivalent Polysaccharide-Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine. CVI 13: 507-510 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Keyserling, H., Papa, T., Koranyi, K., Ryall, R., Bassily, E., Bybel, M. J., Sullivan, K., Gilmet, G., Reinhardt, A. (2005). Safety, Immunogenicity, and Immune Memory of a Novel Meningococcal (Groups A, C, Y, and W-135) Polysaccharide Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine (MCV-4) in Healthy Adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 159: 907-913 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Al-Mazrou, Y., Khalil, M., Borrow, R., Balmer, P., Bramwell, J., Lal, G., Andrews, N., Al-Jeffri, M. (2005). Serologic Responses to ACYW135 Polysaccharide Meningococcal Vaccine in Saudi Children under 5 Years of Age. Infect. Immun. 73: 2932-2939 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • De Wals, P., Deceuninck, G., Boulianne, N., De Serres, G. (2004). Effectiveness of a Mass Immunization Campaign Using Serogroup C Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine. JAMA 292: 2491-2494 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Southern, J., Deane, S., Ashton, L., Borrow, R., Goldblatt, D., Andrews, N., Balmer, P., Morris, R., Kroll, J. S., Miller, E. (2004). Effects of Prior Polysaccharide Vaccination on Magnitude, Duration, and Quality of Immune Responses to and Safety Profile of a Meningococcal Serogroup C Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccination in Adults. CVI 11: 1100-1104 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Welsch, J. A., Granoff, D. (2004). Naturally Acquired Passive Protective Activity against Neisseria meningitidis Group C in the Absence of Serum Bactericidal Activity. Infect. Immun. 72: 5903-5909 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bowe, F., Lavelle, E. C., McNeela, E. A., Hale, C., Clare, S., Arico, B., Giuliani, M. M., Rae, A., Huett, A., Rappuoli, R., Dougan, G., Mills, K. H. G. (2004). Mucosal Vaccination against Serogroup B Meningococci: Induction of Bactericidal Antibodies and Cellular Immunity following Intranasal Immunization with NadA of Neisseria meningitidis and Mutants of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin. Infect. Immun. 72: 4052-4060 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Welsch, J. A., Rossi, R., Comanducci, M., Granoff, D. M. (2004). Protective Activity of Monoclonal Antibodies to Genome-Derived Neisserial Antigen 1870, a Neisseria meningitidis Candidate Vaccine. J. Immunol. 172: 5606-5615 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jokhdar, H., Borrow, R., Sultan, A., Adi, M., Riley, C., Fuller, E., Baxter, D. (2004). Immunologic Hyporesponsiveness to Serogroup C but Not Serogroup A following Repeated Meningococcal A/C Polysaccharide Vaccination in Saudi Arabia. CVI 11: 83-88 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Richter, M. Y., Jakobsen, H., Birgisdottir, A., Haeuw, J.-F., Power, U. F., Del Giudice, G., Bartoloni, A., Jonsdottir, I. (2004). Immunization of Female Mice with Glycoconjugates Protects Their Offspring against Encapsulated Bacteria. Infect. Immun. 72: 187-195 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Balmer, P., Falconer, M., McDonald, P., Andrews, N., Fuller, E., Riley, C., Kaczmarski, E., Borrow, R. (2004). Immune Response to Meningococcal Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccine in Asplenic Individuals. Infect. Immun. 72: 332-337 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Borrow, R., Goldblatt, D., Finn, A., Southern, J., Ashton, L., Andrews, N., Lal, G., Riley, C., Rahim, R., Cartwright, K., Allan, G., Miller, E. (2003). Immunogenicity of, and Immunologic Memory to, a Reduced Primary Schedule of Meningococcal C-Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine in Infants in the United Kingdom. Infect. Immun. 71: 5549-5555 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Andrews, N., Borrow, R., Miller, E. (2003). Validation of Serological Correlate of Protection for Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccine by Using Efficacy Estimates from Postlicensure Surveillance in England. CVI 10: 780-786 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jin, Z., Chu, C., Robbins, J. B., Schneerson, R. (2003). Preparation and Characterization of Group A Meningococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Conjugates and Evaluation of Their Immunogenicity in Mice. Infect. Immun. 71: 5115-5120 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Harris, S. L., Finn, A., Granoff, D. M. (2003). Disparity in Functional Activity between Serum Anticapsular Antibodies Induced in Adults by Immunization with an Investigational Group A and C Neisseria meningitidis-Diphtheria Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine and by a Polysaccharide Vaccine. Infect. Immun. 71: 3402-3408 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lewis, C., Clarke, S. C. (2003). Identification of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroups Y and W135 by siaD Nucleotide Sequence Analysis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 2697-2699 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Harris, S. L., King, W. J., Ferris, W., Granoff, D. M. (2003). Age-Related Disparity in Functional Activities of Human Group C Serum Anticapsular Antibodies Elicited by Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine. Infect. Immun. 71: 275-286 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Mountzouros, K. T., Belanger, K. A., Howell, A. P., Bixler, G. S. Jr., Madore, D. V. (2002). A Glycoconjugate Vaccine for Neisseria meningitidis Induces Antibodies in Human Infants That Afford Protection against Meningococcal Bacteremia in a Neonate Rat Challenge Model. Infect. Immun. 70: 6576-6582 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Burns, V. E., Drayson, M., Ring, C., Carroll, D. (2002). Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being Are Associated With Antibody Status After Meningitis C Conjugate Vaccination. Psychosom. Med. 64: 963-970 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Burrage, M., Robinson, A., Borrow, R., Andrews, N., Southern, J., Findlow, J., Martin, S., Thornton, C., Goldblatt, D., Corbel, M., Sesardic, D., Cartwight, K., Richmond, P., Miller, E. (2002). Effect of Vaccination with Carrier Protein on Response to Meningococcal C Conjugate Vaccines and Value of Different Immunoassays as Predictors of Protection. Infect. Immun. 70: 4946-4954 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • BALMER, P., BORROW, R., MILLER, E. (2002). Impact of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in the UK. J Med Microbiol 51: 717-722 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Oliver, K. J., Reddin, K. M., Bracegirdle, P., Hudson, M. J., Borrow, R., Feavers, I. M., Robinson, A., Cartwright, K., Gorringe, A. R. (2002). Neisseria lactamica Protects against Experimental Meningococcal Infection. Infect. Immun. 70: 3621-3626 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Robinson, K., Neal, K. R., Howard, C., Stockton, J., Atkinson, K., Scarth, E., Moran, J., Robins, A., Todd, I., Kaczmarski, E., Gray, S., Muscat, I., Slack, R., Ala'Aldeen, D. A. A. (2002). Characterization of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Elicited by Meningococcal Carriage. Infect. Immun. 70: 1301-1309 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vermont, C. L., van Dijken, H. H., van Limpt, C. J. P., de Groot, R., van Alphen, L., van den Dobbelsteen, G. P. J. M. (2002). Antibody Avidity and Immunoglobulin G Isotype Distribution following Immunization with a Monovalent Meningococcal B Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccine. Infect. Immun. 70: 584-590 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rodriguez, T., Lastre, M., Cedre, B., Campo, J. d., Bracho, G., Zayas, C., Taboada, C., Diaz, M., Sierra, G., Perez, O. (2002). Standardization of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Colorimetric Serum Bactericida Assay. CVI 9: 109-114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Santos, G. F., Deck, R. R., Donnelly, J., Blackwelder, W., Granoff, D. M. (2001). Importance of Complement Source in Measuring Meningococcal Bactericidal Titers. CVI 8: 616-623 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»