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Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1704-1707, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1704-1707.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Immune Response to Infection with
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Travis M.
Gooding,1,2
Paul D. R.
Johnson,3
Dianne E.
Campbell,4
John A.
Hayman,5
Elizabeth L.
Hartland,1,2
Andrew S.
Kemp,4 and
Roy M.
Robins-Browne1,2,*
Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
University of Melbourne,1 and
Microbiological Research Unit, Murdoch Children's Research
Institute, Parkville,2 Department of
Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Monash Medical Centre,
Clayton,3 Department of Immunology,
Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville,4 and
Pathology Department, Box Hill Hospital, Box
Hill,5 Victoria, Australia
Received 5 September 2000/Returned for modification 9 November
2000/Accepted 18 December 2000
Mycobacterium ulcerans is a slow-growing, acid-fast
bacillus that causes chronic necrotizing skin ulcers known as Buruli
ulcers. Previously reported information on immunity to this
mycobacterium is limited. We examined immune responses to M. ulcerans and M. bovis BCG in patients with M. ulcerans disease and in 20 healthy control subjects (10 tuberculin test positive and 10 tuberculin test negative).
Cell-mediated immunity was assessed by stimulating peripheral blood
mononuclear cells (PBMC) with whole mycobacteria and then measuring
PBMC proliferation and the production of gamma interferon (IFN-
).
Humoral immunity was assessed by immunoblotting. PBMC from all subjects
showed significantly greater proliferation and IFN-
production in
response to stimulation with living mycobacteria compared with killed
cells. However, PBMC from subjects with past or current M. ulcerans disease showed significantly reduced proliferation and
production of IFN-
in response to stimulation with live M. ulcerans or M. bovis than PBMC from healthy,
tuberculin test-positive subjects (P < 0.001) and
showed results in these assays comparable to those of tuberculin
test-negative subjects (P > 0.2). Serum from 9 of
11 patients with M. ulcerans disease, but no control subject, contained antibodies to M. ulcerans. The results
indicate that patients with M. ulcerans infection mount an
immune response to M. ulcerans as evidenced by antibody
production, but they demonstrate profound systemic T-cell anergy to
mycobacterial antigens. These findings may explain some of the distinct
clinical and pathological features of M. ulcerans-induced disease.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Microbiological
Research Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. Phone: 61 3 9345 5730. Fax: 61 3 9345 5764. E-mail: rbrowne{at}cryptic.rch.unimelb.edu.au.
Infection and Immunity, March 2001, p. 1704-1707, Vol. 69, No. 3
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1704-1707.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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