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Infection and Immunity, May 2001, p. 3476-3482, Vol. 69, No. 5
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.5.3476-3482.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit Is a More Potent Mucosal Adjuvant than Its Closely Related Homologue, the B Subunit of Cholera Toxin

Douglas G. Millar,1,* Timothy R. Hirst,2 and Denis P. Snider1

Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5,1 and Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom2

Received 18 October 2000/Returned for modification 15 December 2000/Accepted 16 February 2001

Although cholera toxin (Ctx) and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Etx) are known to be potent mucosal adjuvants, it remains controversial whether the adjuvanticity of the holotoxins extends to their nontoxic, receptor-binding B subunits. Here, we have systematically evaluated the comparative adjuvant properties of highly purified recombinant EtxB and CtxB. EtxB was found to be a more potent adjuvant than CtxB, stimulating responses to hen egg lysozyme when the two were coadministered to mice intranasally, as assessed by enhanced serum and secretory antibody titers as well as by stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation in spleen and draining lymph nodes. These results indicate that, although structurally very similar, EtxB and CtxB have strikingly different immunostimulatory properties and should not be considered equivalent as prospective vaccine adjuvants.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Medical Biophysics, Ontario Cancer Institute, 610 University Ave., Room 8-318, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9. Phone: (416) 946-4501, ext. 5471. Fax: (416) 946-2086. E-mail: dmillar{at}uhnres.utoronto.ca.

Infection and Immunity, May 2001, p. 3476-3482, Vol. 69, No. 5
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.5.3476-3482.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.