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Infection and Immunity, August 2001, p. 4884-4890, Vol. 69, No. 8
Laboratory of Parasitic Biology and
Biochemistry, Office of Vaccine Research and
Review,1 and Division of Emerging
and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and
Review,3 Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda,
and Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver
Spring,2 Maryland
Received 17 May 2001/Accepted 19 May 2001
Given the emerging difficulties with malaria drug resistance and
vector control, as well as the persistent lack of an effective vaccine,
new malaria vaccine development strategies are needed. We used a novel
methodology to synthesize and fully characterize multiple antigen
peptide (MAP) conjugates containing protective epitopes from
Plasmodium falciparum and evaluated their immunogenicity in
four different strains of mice. A di-epitope MAP (T3-T1) containing two
T-cell epitopes of liver stage antigen-1 (LSA-1), a di-epitope MAP
containing T-cell epitopes from LSA-1 and from merozoite
surface protein-1, and a tri-epitope MAP (T3-CS-T1) containing T3-T1
and a potent B-cell epitope from the circumsporozoite protein central repeat region were tested in this study. Mice of all four strains produced peptide-specific antibodies; however, the magnitude of the
humoral response indicated strong genetic restriction between the
different strains of mice. Anti-MAP antibodies recognized stage-specific proteins on the malaria parasites in an
immunofluorescence assay. In addition, serum from hybrid BALB/cJ × A/J CAF1 mice that had been immunized with the tri-epitope MAP
T3-CS-T1 successfully inhibited the malaria sporozoite
invasion of hepatoma cells in vitro. Spleen cells from immunized mice
also showed a genetically restricted cellular immune
response when stimulated with the immunogen in vitro. This study
indicates that well-characterized MAPs combining solid-phase synthesis
and conjugation chemistries are potent immunogens and that this
approach can be utilized for the development of subunit vaccines.
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4884-4890.2001
Immunogenicity of Well-Characterized Synthetic Plasmodium
falciparum Multiple Antigen Peptide Conjugates

*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: IOMAI
Corporation, 20 Firstfield Rd., Suite 250, Gaithersburg, MD 20878. Phone: (301) 556-4521. Fax: (301) 556-4501. E-mail:
rkenney{at}iomai.com.
Present address: NIH/NIAID/LPD, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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