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Infection and Immunity, August 2001, p. 4898-4905, Vol. 69, No. 8
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4898-4905.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Neutrophil Depletion during Toxoplasma gondii Infection Leads to Impaired Immunity and Lethal Systemic Pathology

Susan K. Bliss,1 L. Cristina Gavrilescu,1 Ana Alcaraz,2 and Eric Y. Denkers1,*

Departments of Microbiology and Immunology1 and Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences,2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401

Received 14 February 2001/Returned for modification 27 March 2001/Accepted 14 May 2001

The immunomodulatory role of neutrophils during infection with Toxoplasma gondii was investigated. Monoclonal antibody-mediated depletion revealed that neutrophils are essential for survival during the first few days of infection. Moreover, neutrophil depletion was associated with a weaker type 1 immune response as measured by decreased levels of gamma interferon, interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha. IL-10 was also decreased in depleted animals. Additionally, splenic populations of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK1.1+ cells were decreased in depleted mice. Neutrophil-depleted mice exhibited lesions of greater severity in tissues examined and a greater parasite burden as determined by histopathology and reverse transcription-PCR. We conclude that neutrophils are critical near the time of infection because they influence the character of the immune response and control tachyzoite replication.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401. Phone: (607) 253-4022; Fax: (607) 253-3384. E-mail: eyd1{at}cornell.edu.

Infection and Immunity, August 2001, p. 4898-4905, Vol. 69, No. 8
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.8.4898-4905.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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