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Infection and Immunity, September 2001, p. 5385-5394, Vol. 69, No. 9
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5385-5394.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Characterization of an Endoprotease (PrpL) Encoded by a PvdS-Regulated Gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Paula J. Wilderman,1 Adriana I. Vasil,1 Zaiga Johnson,1 Megan J. Wilson,2 Heather E. Cunliffe,2 Iain L. Lamont,2 and Michael L. Vasil1,*

Department of Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262,1 and Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand2

Received 22 February 2001/Returned for modification 7 May 2001/Accepted 15 June 2001

The expression of many virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is dependent upon environmental conditions, including iron levels, oxygen, temperature, and osmolarity. The virulence of P. aeruginosa PAO1 is influenced by the iron- and oxygen-regulated gene encoding the alternative sigma factor PvdS, which is regulated through the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). We observed that overexpression of PvdS in strain PAO1 and a Delta pvdS::Gm mutant resulted in increased pyoverdine production and proteolytic activity compared to when PvdS was not overexpressed. To identify additional PvdS-regulated genes, we compared extracellular protein profiles from PAO1 and the Delta pvdS::Gm mutant grown under iron-deficient conditions. A protein present in culture supernatants from PAO1 but not in supernatants from Delta pvdS::Gm was investigated. Amino acid sequence analysis and examination of the genomic database of PAO1 revealed that the N terminus of this 27-kDa protein is identical to that of protease IV of P. aeruginosa strain PA103-29 and is homologous to an endoprotease produced by Lysobacter enzymogenes. In this study, the gene encoding an endoprotease was cloned from PAO1 and designated prpL (PvdS-regulated endoprotease, lysyl class). All (n = 41) but one of the strains of P. aeruginosa, including clinical and environmental isolates, examined carry prpL. Moreover, PrpL production among these strains was highly variable. Analysis of RNase protection assays identified the transcription initiation site of prpL and confirmed that its transcription is iron dependent. In the Delta pvdS::Gm mutant, the level of prpL transcription was iron independent and decreased relative to the level in PAO1. Furthermore, transcription of prpL was independent of PtxR, a PvdS-regulated protein. Finally, PrpL cleaves casein, lactoferrin, transferrin, elastin, and decorin and contributes to PAO1's ability to persist in a rat chronic pulmonary infection model.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Campus Box B175, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Ave., Denver, CO 80262. Phone: (303) 315-8627. Fax: (303) 315-6785. E-mail: Mike.Vasil{at}UCHSC.edu.

Infection and Immunity, September 2001, p. 5385-5394, Vol. 69, No. 9
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5385-5394.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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