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Infection and Immunity, September 2001, p. 5726-5735, Vol. 69, No. 9
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5726-5735.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

In Vivo Activation of Dendritic Cells and T Cells during Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

Ulf Yrlid,1 Mattias Svensson,1 Anders Håkansson,2 Benedict J. Chambers,3 Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren,3 and Mary Jo Wick1,*

Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Section for Immunology,1 and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section for Microbiology, Immunology, and Glycobiology,2 Lund University, Lund, and Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm,3 Sweden

Received 24 January 2001/Returned for modification 5 April 2001/Accepted 31 May 2001

The present study was initiated to gain insight into the interaction between splenic dendritic cells (DC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in vivo. Splenic phagocytic cell populations associated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing bacteria and the bacterium-specific T-cell response were evaluated in mice given S. enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing GFP and ovalbumin. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that GFP-positive splenic DC (CD11c+ major histocompatibility complex class II-positive [MHC-II+] cells) were present following bacterial administration, and confocal microscopy showed that GFP-expressing bacteria were contained within CD11c+ MHC-II+ splenocytes. Furthermore, splenic DC and T cells were activated following Salmonella infection. This was shown by increased surface expression of CD86 and CD40 on CD11c+ MHC-II+ cells and increased CD44 and CD69 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Salmonella-specific gamma interferon (IFN-gamma )-producing cells in both of these T-cell subsets, as well as cytolytic effector cells, were also generated in mice given live bacteria. The frequency of Salmonella-specific CD4+ T cells producing IFN-gamma was greater than that of specific CD8+ T cells producing IFN-gamma in the same infected animal. This supports the argument that the predominant source of IFN-gamma production by cells of the specific immune response is CD4+ T cells. Finally, DC that phagocytosed live or heat-killed Salmonella in vitro primed bacterium-specific IFN-gamma -producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as cytolytic effector cells following administration into naïve mice. Together these data suggest that DC are involved in priming naïve T cells to Salmonella in vivo.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Section for Immunology, Lund University BMC I-13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden. Phone: 46-46-222-4167. Fax: 46-46-222-4218. E-mail: Mary_Jo.Wick{at}immuno.lu.se.

Infection and Immunity, September 2001, p. 5726-5735, Vol. 69, No. 9
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5726-5735.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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