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Infection and Immunity, January 2002, p. 226-232, Vol. 70, No. 1
0019-9567/01/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.1.226-232.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae YS-1 as a Live Vaccine Vehicle for Heterologous Protein Expression and Intranasal Immunization of Pigs

National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856,¹ Kyoto Biken Laboratories, Uji, Kyoto 611-0041, Japan²

Received 9 April 2001/ Returned for modification 21 May 2001/ Accepted 9 October 2001

We have developed a system in which a foreign antigen is delivered and expressed on the surface of an attenuated strain of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae YS-1 and have examined the ability of a such recombinant E. rhusiopathiae strain to function as a mucosal vaccine vector. The C-terminal portion, including two repeat regions, R1 and R2, of the P97 adhesin of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain E-1 was successfully translocated and expressed on the E. rhusiopathiae YS-1 cell surface after it was fused to SpaA.1, a cell surface protective antigen of E. rhusiopathiae. BALB/c mice subcutaneously immunized with the E. rhusiopathiae recombinant strains developed specific antibodies against SpaA.1 protein and were protected from lethal challenge with the highly virulent homologous E. rhusiopathiae Fujisawa-SmR strain, showing the efficacy of this heterologous-antigen expression system as a vaccine against E. rhusiopathiae infection. To determine whether protective immune responses are induced in target species, newborn, specific-pathogen-free piglets were immunized intranasally with a recombinant strain designated YS-19. The immunized piglets developed specific anti-SpaA.1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in their serum and were protected from death by erysipelas, showing that mucosal vaccination of piglets with YS-19 induces systemic immune responses. Furthermore, YS-19-immunized piglets showed higher levels of P97-specific IgA antibodies in the respiratory tract than did YS-1-immunized piglets. Thus, E. rhusiopathiae YS-1 appears to be a promising vaccine vector for mucosal delivery that can induce local and systemic immune responses.

Editor: S. H. E. Kaufmann

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