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Infection and Immunity, November 2002, p. 6005-6012, Vol. 70, No. 11
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6005-6012.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Expression of Anaplasma marginale Major Surface Protein 2 Operon-Associated Proteins during Mammalian and Arthropod Infection

Christiane V. Löhr,1 Kelly A. Brayton,1 Varda Shkap,2 Thea Molad,2 Anthony F. Barbet,3 Wendy C. Brown,1 and Guy H. Palmer1*

Program in Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-7040,1 Department of Parasitology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel,2 Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-08803

Received 15 May 2002/ Returned for modification 29 June 2002/ Accepted 28 July 2002

The antigenically variant major surface protein 2 (MSP2) of Anaplasma marginale is expressed from a 3.5-kb operon that contains, in a 5'-to-3' direction, four open reading frames, opag3, opag2, opag1, and msp2. This operon structure was shown to be conserved among genotypically and phenotypically distinct A. marginale, A. ovis, and A. centrale strains. The individual OpAG amino acid sequences are highly conserved among A. marginale strains, with identities ranging from 95 to 99%. OpAG2 and OpAG3 were expressed by all examined A. marginale strains during the acute rickettsemia in the mammalian host and, like MSP2, localize to the bacterial surface. OpAG2 and OpAG3 were also expressed in an infected Ixodes scapularis tick cell line. In contrast, the same A. marginale strains expressed only OpAG2 in two different Dermacentor spp. during transmission feeding. OpAG1 expression was not detected in the infected mammalian host, the infected tick cell line, or within infected Dermacentor ticks. The differential expression of outer membrane proteins from within an operon is a novel finding in tick-transmitted bacteria, and the regulation of expression may be broadly applicable to understanding how the pathogen adapts to the mammalian host-tick vector transition.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7040. Phone: (509) 335-6033. Fax: (509) 335-8529. E-mail: gpalmer{at}vetmed.wsu.edu.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, November 2002, p. 6005-6012, Vol. 70, No. 11
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6005-6012.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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