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Infection and Immunity, November 2002, p. 6013-6020, Vol. 70, No. 11
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6013-6020.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nature and Specificity of the Required Protective Immune Response That Develops Postchallenge in Mice Vaccinated with the 19-Kilodalton Fragment of Plasmodium yoelii Merozoite Surface Protein 1

Jiraprapa Wipasa,^1, Huji Xu,¹ Morris Makobongo,¹ Michelle Gatton,¹ Anthony Stowers,² and Michael F. Good^1*

Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia,¹ Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892²

Received 3 June 2002/ Accepted 20 July 2002

Immunity induced by the 19-kDa fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1₁₉) is dependent on high titers of specific antibodies present at the time of challenge and a continuing active immune response postinfection. However, the specificity of the active immune response postinfection has not been defined. In particular, it is not known whether anti-MSP1₁₉ antibodies that arise following infection alone are sufficient for protection. We developed systems to investigate whether an MSP1₁₉-specific antibody response alone both prechallenge and postchallenge is sufficient for protection. We were able to exclude antibodies with other specificities, as well as any contribution of MSP1₁₉-specific CD4⁺ T cells acting independent of antibody, and we concluded that an immune response focused solely on MSP1₁₉-specific antibodies is sufficient for protection. The data imply that the ability of natural infection to boost an MSP1₁₉-specific antibody response should greatly improve vaccine efficacy.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Present address: Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Research Institute for Health Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 50002.

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