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Infection and Immunity, November 2002, p. 6339-6345, Vol. 70, No. 11
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6339-6345.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Leukocytes Adhere to, Penetrate, and Respond to Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Jeff G. Leid,1,2* Mark E. Shirtliff,2,3 J. W. Costerton,2 and and Paul Stoodley2,3

Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience,1 Center for Biofilm Engineering, and,2 Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 597173

Received 9 May 2002/ Returned for modification 10 July 2002/ Accepted 4 August 2002

Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen responsible for nosocomial and community infections. It readily colonizes indwelling catheters, forming microbiotic communities termed biofilms. S. aureus bacteria in biofilms are protected from killing by antibiotics and the body's immune system. For years, one mechanism behind biofilm resistance to attack from the immune system's sentinel leukocytes has been conceptualized as a deficiency in the ability of the leukocytes to penetrate the biofilm. We demonstrate here that under conditions mimicking physiological shear, leukocytes attach, penetrate, and produce cytokines in response to maturing and fully matured S. aureus biofilm.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 5640, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011. Phone (928) 523-8034. Fax: (928) 523-7500. E-mail: Jeff.Leid{at}nau.ed.

Editor: J. T. Barbieri

Infection and Immunity, November 2002, p. 6339-6345, Vol. 70, No. 11
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6339-6345.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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