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Infection and Immunity, December 2002, p. 6592-6596, Vol. 70, No. 12
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.12.6592-6596.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Role of ß-D-Galactofuranose in Leishmania major Macrophage Invasion

Erika Suzuki, Ameria K. Tanaka, Marcos S. Toledo, Helio K. Takahashi, and Anita H. Straus*

Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil

Received 17 May 2002/ Returned for modification 29 June 2002/ Accepted 24 August 2002

The role of glycosylinositol phospholipid 1 (GIPL-1) of Leishmania (Leishmania) major in the interaction of promastigotes and amastigotes with macrophages was analyzed. Monoclonal antibody MEST-1, which recognizes glycolipids containing terminal galactofuranose (Galf) residues (E. Suzuki, M. S. Toledo, H. K. Takahashi, and A. H. Straus, Glycobiology 7:463-468, 1997), was used to detect GIPL-1 in Leishmania by indirect immunofluorescence and to analyze its role in macrophage infectivity. L. major promastigotes showed intense fluorescence with MEST-1, and GIPL-1 was detected in both amastigote and promastigote forms by high-performance thin-layer chromatography immunostaining by using MEST-1. Delipidation of L. major promastigotes with isopropanol-hexane-water eliminated the MEST-1 reactivity, confirming that only GIPL-1 is recognized in either amastigotes or promastigotes of this species. The biological role of GIPL-1 in the ability of L. major to invade macrophages was studied by using either Fab fragments of MEST-1 or methylglycosides. Preincubation of parasites with Fab fragments reduced macrophage infectivity in about 80% of the promastigotes and 30% of the amastigotes. Preincubation of peritoneal macrophages with p-nitrophenyl-ß-galactofuranoside (10 mM) led to significant (~80%) inhibition of promastigote infectivity. These data suggest that a putative new receptor recognizing ß-D-Galf is associated with L. major macrophage infectivity and that GIPL-1 containing a terminal Galf residue is involved in the L. major-macrophage interaction.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 862, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil. Phone and fax: 55-11-5579-2509. E-mail: straus.bioq{at}epm.br.

Editor: W. A. Petri, Jr.

Infection and Immunity, December 2002, p. 6592-6596, Vol. 70, No. 12
0019-9567/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.12.6592-6596.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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